Hip Joint

What is the structural link b/t the lower extremeties and axial skeleton?

hips

Largest muscle of the body is what?

glute max

strongest ligament of the body

iliofemoral

longest/strongest bone of the body

femur

As the hip flexes where does the ipsilateral ilium move?

posterior

As the hip flexes where does the contralateral hip do?

extend and ilium rotates anteriorly

As the hip internally rotates where does the ipsi ilium move?

internally rotates in transverse plane

As the hip abducts, what part of ipsi ilium moves? Where does it tilt?

superior aspect; medial tilt

What bones does acetabulum consist of? What percentages do they make up?

Ilium - 40

Ischium - 40

Pubis - 20

What is the labrum of the hip comprised of?

INCOMPLETE ring of fibrocartilage

What are the ligaments that connect hip to acetabulum?

iliofemoral

ischiofemoral

pubofemoral

ligamentum teres

Femoral neck angle is usually what?

125

Femoral angle is also known as what?

angle of inclination

If angle of inclination/femoral neck angle is >125 what is it called?

coxa valga

If angle of inclination/femoral neck angle is <125 what is it called?

coxa vara

Angle of anteversion/ femoral torsion angle is the angle of what?

angle of femoral neck relative to shaft of femur in transverse plane

Angle of anteversion/ femoral torsion angle is what?

12

If angle of anteversion is >12 what occurs?

toe in appearance; internal rotation/anteversion

If angle of anteversion is <12 what occurs?

toe out appearance; external rotation/retroversion

What is the correct order of the closed pack position of the hip?

full extension, internal rotation, abduction

Loose packed position of the hip is what?

30º flexion, 30º abduction, slight external rotation

What is the primary abductor of the hip?

glute medius

What does inhibiition of glute medius cause?

over-activity of TFL

What does inhibiition of glute max cause?

over-activity of hamstrings and lumbar erectors

What muscle is considered the primary external rotator of the hip?

piriformis

What muscles perform external rotation of hip?

gemellus muscles, piriformis, obturators, quadratus femoris

Are muscular strains in the hip common or rare?

common

What type of strain is most common in athletes?

hamstring and hip flexor

If you have trochanteric bursitis, where is the location of the inflammation of the bursa?

posterolateral aspect of greater trochanter

What are some common reasons for trochanteric bursitis?

tramua and overuse

What is the largest bursa in the hip?

iliopsoas bursa

Where is the location of ilipsoas bursa?

b/t musculotendinous junction of iliopsoas and capsule of hip

Where is the location of ischialgluteal bursa?

overlying ischial tuberosity

Weakness in hip flexors is associated with which nerve?

femoral n

Pain down posterior thigh and leg is associated with which nerve?

sciatic n

What nerve is associated with burning pain down anterolateral aspect of thigh?

lateral femoral cutaneous

What is issue with lateral femoral cutaneous nerve called?

meralgia paresthetica

What do elderly patients typically suffer from in relation to the hip?

fractures; die within a 1 year

Fracture and dislocation of hip results from what?

significant trauma

Where do most hip dislocations occur?

posterior

What is Cam impingement?

bony overgrowth of head of femur

What is pincer?

bony overgrowth of acetabulum

Hip labral tear is more common where?

anterior/anterior-superior

A fracture through the growth plate b/t the femoral head and neck describes what?

slipped capital femoral epiphysis

slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is more common in what type of patient?

adolescent male patients

What can present solely with knee pain in the medial aspect?

SCFE

What is described by the femoral head abrading the acetabulum, causing irritation/damage to articular cartilage/labrum?

femoroacetabular impingement

What angle is described by the angle of the femoral neck relative to the shaft of the femur in the transverse plane?

angle of torsion/anteversion

What angle is described by the angle of the femoral neck relative to the shaft of the femur in the frontal plane?

angle of inclination

What type of bursitis is characterized by, point tenderness, and is aggravated by getting in or out of car/ going up stairs?

trochanteric bursitis

Abduction/adduction of hip occurs in what plane?

frontal plane

Internal/external rotation of hip occurs in what plane?

transverse plane

What is required for the high degree of mobility and stability of the hip?

both