Self-Development: Middle & Late Adolescence – Review Flashcards

Question-and-answer flashcards covering self-concept, happy hormones, personal effectiveness, life roles, developmental stages, mindful communication and the 10 tools for living mindfully.

What central question guides Module 1?

“How can understanding yourself pave the way to self-acceptance and better relationships?”

According to Module 1, what are the three learning objectives?

1) Explain how self-knowledge leads to accepting strengths & limits and improves dealings with others; 2) Share your unique characteristics, habits and experiences; 3) Start and maintain a journal.

In the Self-Concept Inventory, what numerical rating represents “very strong”?

4

Which Self-Concept Inventory items (1–4) measure Physical Appeal?

Items 1, 2, 3, 4

What category is measured by items 9–12 in the Self-Concept Inventory?

Intelligence

What is the difference between ‘actual self’ and ‘ideal self’?

Actual self is who you perceive yourself to be now; ideal self is who you aspire to become.

What psychological state can result from a large gap between actual self and ideal self?

Incongruence leading to mental distress or anxiety.

Name the four “happy hormones.”

Serotonin, Oxytocin, Dopamine, Endorphin

Which happy hormone is most sensitive to diet and acts as a mood stabilizer?

Serotonin

Which hormone is called the “love hormone” and is released during sex, childbirth and lactation?

Oxytocin

Which chemical is known as the brain’s “reward” neurotransmitter?

Dopamine

Which happy hormone works as the body’s natural pain-killer, especially after exercise?

Endorphin

Define ‘personal effectiveness.’

Using your talents, skills, energy and time to achieve life goals.

List four skills that greatly increase personal efficiency.

Determination, self-confidence, persistence, stress management.

What are the three kinds of people described in taking charge of the future?

Moviegoer, Actor, Scriptwriter

How does a ‘moviegoer’ approach life?

Merely watches, admires or criticizes, believing they have no control.

What distinguishes an ‘actor’ from a ‘moviegoer’?

An actor realizes they can control a big part of their life and influence outcomes.

What does a ‘scriptwriter’ do differently from an ‘actor’?

Creates the entire life ‘movie,’ deciding what to say, do and how the story ends.

Name the seven segments used to assess the aspects of your development.

Physical, Intellectual, Emotional, Sensual, Interactional, Nutritional, Spiritual selves.

What questions are explored in the ‘Physical Self’ description?

Height, weight, facial appearance, skin quality, hair, and body-area features.

Which aspect examines your capacity to learn, reason and create?

Intellectual Self

Which aspect asks you to list typical, avoided and enjoyed feelings?

Emotional Self

The ‘Sensual Self’ focuses on what main idea?

How you use and feel about your senses (sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch).

What does the ‘Interactional Self’ evaluate?

Strengths and weaknesses in relationships with family, friends, peers and strangers.

Which aspect analyzes your food preferences and nourishment habits?

Nutritional Self

What does the ‘Spiritual Self’ invite you to reflect on?

Feelings toward religion, inner peace, spiritual routines and metaphysical beliefs.

At what developmental stage does rapid physical change and sex maturation occur?

Adolescence (puberty to ~18 years).

Which life stage is characterized by adjustment to new adult roles such as spouse or parent?

Early Adulthood (18–40 years).

Identify one key developmental task of middle childhood (6–12 yrs).

Developing fundamental skills in reading, writing and calculating.

Name two developmental tasks specific to adolescence.

Achieving emotional independence from adults; preparing for an economic career (or marriage & family life).

What acronym reminds you to use mindful speech?

T.H.I.N.K. – True, Helpful, Inspiring, Necessary, Kind

What is Tool 1 for living mindfully?

Breathe Mindfully – use your breath to anchor attention to the present.

Which mindful-living tool emphasizes listening with intention?

Tool 2: Listen Deeply.

What does Tool 4, ‘Practice Compassion,’ encourage you to do?

Consider others’ thoughts and feelings, guided by kindness and empathy.

Which tool advises pausing before reacting emotionally?

Tool 5: Limit Reactivity.

Explain Tool 6, ‘Express Gratitude.’

Practice daily gratitude and expand appreciation to everyone and everything you encounter.

Which mindful tool focuses on valuing diverse perspectives and shared humanity?

Tool 7: Nurture Mutual Respect.

What does Tool 8, ‘Build Integrity,’ call for?

Act consistently from respect, honesty and kindness.

Which tool involves using your talents to inspire community?

Tool 9: Foster Leadership.

Tool 10 urges individuals to “Be Peace.” What does this mean?

Cultivate inner peace to become an agent of compassionate action and social good.