AQA A-Level Sociology: Social Policy (governments)

Trebling of tuition fees

Increased university fees to £9000 annually.

Marketisation policy

Introduces competition and consumer choice in education.

Pupil premium

Funding for disadvantaged students to boost attainment.

Funding range

Schools receive £900 to £2400 per eligible student.

GCSE grading system

Grades 1 to 9; 9 is highest achievement.

Strain theory

Pressure leads to innovation and cheating in education.

National Curriculum

Standardized educational framework for schools in England.

SATS Tests

Standardized assessments for primary school students.

League tables

Rankings of schools based on student performance.

Ofsted reports

Evaluations of school quality and performance.

Open admissions

Policies allowing broader access to schools.

Academisation

Process of converting schools into academies.

Specialist Schools

Schools focusing on specific subject areas.

City Academies

Independent schools funded directly by the government.

Sure Start Centres

Childcare and support services for disadvantaged families.

Education Maintenance Allowance (EMA)

Financial support for sixth form students.

Controlled assessments

Supervised evaluations replacing traditional coursework.

Parentocracy

Parental choice influences school selection and competition.

Resit culture

Opportunity for students to retake exams for better grades.

Business sponsorships

Private funding for schools to enhance resources.

Cream-skimming

Selective admission of high-achieving students.

Silt-shifting

Redirecting less able students to lower-performing schools.

Behaviour policies

Regulations to maintain discipline in schools.

Hidden costs of education

Unseen expenses associated with free schooling.

International competition

UK education reforms aimed at global skill standards.

Disadvantaged groups

Students from low-income or marginalized backgrounds.

Underperformance link

Correlation between deprivation and academic failure.

Government funding

Financial resources allocated to support educational initiatives.