[IPS1] PCOG - Part 9: Endocrine Products

Proverbs 16:3

Endocrine

a secreting organ present in the mammalian body, which elaborates one or more metabolically active principles (hormones) and passes these directly to the blood stream

Hormones

These are chemical transmitters of selective stimuli between the various endocrine glands and specific body organs and tissue

Pituitary Body / Gland

Cerebral Hypophysis

Oxytocin (alpha-hypophamine)

A uterine stimulating hormone produced in posterior pituitary gland

Vasopressin (beta-hypophamine)

A hormone that regulates the threshold for resorption of water by the epithelium cells of the renal tubules

Vasopressin (beta-hypophamine)

Hormone employed in replacement therapy for the management of diabetes insipidus

Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) or Corticotropin

A hormone of anterior pituitary gland that treats collagen disease like rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid fever

Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) or Choriogonadotropin

A hormone present in the uterine of pregnant women; synthesized in the anterior pituitary gland; Treats infertility, and habitual abortion

Urogonadotropin

A hormone present in the urine of post-menopausal women; enhances fertility of anovulatory women; stimulates spermatogenesis in males; made in anterior pituitary gland

Menotropin

Urogonadotropin is also known as

Somatropin or Somatotropin

Growth hormones synthesized in the anterior pituitary gland

Dwarfism

hyposecretion of the growth stimulating activity during the growth periods causes slow growth and epiphepeal plates close before normal height is reached

Gigantism

hypersecretion of growth stimulating activity during the growth period causes an abnormal increase in the length of bones

Acromegaly

hyper secretion of growth hormone during childhood causes the eyelids, lips, tongue, nose enlarge, skin thickens, develop furrows esp. on the forehead & soles

Thyroid Gland

The function of this gland is to mobilize dietary iodine, converting it to an organic compound which is capable of accelerating metabolic processes and is necessary to the development and function of all body cells.

Cretinism

A manifestation of hypothyroidism characterized by retarded and abnormal growth, arrested sexual development, mental deficiency, a thickened dry skin, thickening of the tongue and fall in the metabolic rate.

Myxedema

A manifestation of hypothyroidism characterized by lethargy, retarded mental processes, increased body fat, susceptibility to cold & fatigue, cardiac dilatation.

Grave's or Basedow's disease

Manifestation of hyperthyroidism accompanied with protrusion of the eyeballs

Exophthalmos

Clinical term for protrusion of eyeballs

Parathyroid Gland

This gland synthesizes the hormone responsible for maintaining the blood calcium level

Von Recklinghausen's disease

Parathyroid hyperfunction produces a condition known as ___________, characterized by bone pain, marked elevation of serum calcium with fall in serum phosphate, fracture and deformity.

tetany

Parathyroid hypofunction produces ___________

Paroidin (Parathyroid injection)

A sterile solution in water for injection of the water soluble principle of the parathyroid glands.

Pancreas

An exocrine gland, supplying digestive enzymes to the duodenum.

Islets of Langerhans

An isolated group of cells in the pancreas that produces Glucagon (alpha-cells) and Insulin (beta-cells)

Phosphorylase

Glucagon elicits a hyperglycemic response by increasing the liver ____________which is involved in glycogenolysis.

glucokinase

Insulin elicits a hypoglycemic action appears to involve ____________

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

This hormone leads to the development of the ovarian follicles, to their formation of ova and of estrogen, and to the development of the testes and the maturation of the spermatozoa.

luteinizing hormone (LH)

This hormone is necessary to the development of the corpora lutea in the ovarian follicles after ovulation to the formation of progesterone by the corpora lutea and to the production of androgen in the matured testes

Thyroid

Gonadal hypoactivity, as in the natural menopause or surgical removal of the gonads results in a sexual repression and enhanced anterior pituitary activities, with psychic disturbance and the involvement of other endocrine glands, particularly the __________.

Eunuchoidism

Hypogonadism in males is also known as

Buccal, SC, IM

17-beta- hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3-one, or Testosterone, is the active male hormone administered ______ (3)

Corpus luteum

During ova development, the ruptured follicle undergoes cellular change to become the ________ under the influence of the luteinizing hormone of anterior pituitary

Estrogen

A female hormone elaborated in the developing Graafian follicle and in the placenta during pregnancy.

Progestin

A female hormone elaborated by the corpus luteum and in the latter half of pregnancy by the placenta.

Progestin

Hormone essential to the maintenance of human pregnancy during the first half of the term.

Progesterone

The active hormone of the corpus luteum used in the treatment of amenorrhea, dysmenorrheal, endometriosis, uterine bleeding, premenstrual tension.

Liver and Stomach

These organs serve as an endocrine function to produce one or more hormone essential to adequate functioning of the erythropoietin bone marrow

Pernicious Anemia

Deficiency of "antianemia principle" (AAP) or the "Erythrocyte - maturing factor" (EMF) produced by liver and stomach

Liver injection

A preparation containing a partially purified extract of a liver; Classified as a hematopoietic substance, and contains vitamin B12, folic acid and folinic acid.

Stomach Concentrate

It is prepared from the mucosal glands of porcine stomach walls; It contains the intrinsic factor which increases the number of red corpuscles in the blood.