20th Century Music and Styles Flashcards

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering musical styles, characteristics, elements, and key listening examples of 20th-century music as described in the lecture notes.

Primitivism

A concept that links exoticism, nationalism, and ethnicism by drawing on materials from other cultures, materials indigenous to specific countries, and materials from European ethnic groups to express ideas of antiquity.

Tone Color in 20th-Century Music

An element of music characterized by less emphasis on blended sound, individual tone color being heard, and percussion playing a major role.

Polychord

A chord structure created when two chords are heard at the same time.

Tone Cluster

A chord produced on a piano by striking a group of adjacent keys.

Polytonality

The simultaneous use of two or more keys at a time in a musical composition.

Bitonality

The specific use of two musical keys at the same time.

Polyrhythm

The simultaneous use of two or more contrasting and independent rhythms.

20th-Century Melody

A melodic structure based on a wide variety of scales and freely used in all 12 chromatic tones without a tonal center.

Impressionism

A French musical movement developed in the 19th and early 20th centuries, derived from Claude Monet's 1872 painting Impression, Sunrise.

Impression, Sunrise

An 1872 painting by Claude Monet from which the musical movement Impressionism derived its name.

Expressionism

An art movement that began in Germany, originally borrowed from a painting intended to express strong emotion such as anxiety, anger, and feeling of isolation.

Neoclassicism

A style of music also known as the new classical that drew inspiration from 18th-century music and became popular between WWI and WWII.

Avant-Garde

A French word meaning 'advance guard' or 'vanguard' used to describe musical styles that evolved after 1945.

Modern Nationalism

The use of musical ideas or motifs identified with a specific country, region, or ethnicities, such as folk tunes, melodies, rhythms, and harmonies inspired by them.

Peripetie

An Expressionism music piece composed by Arnold Schoenberg.

Pulcinella

A Neo-Classical music piece composed by Igor Stravinsky containing the sections Ouverture, Scherzino, Allegro, Adantino, and Allegro.

Verklärte Nacht, Op.4

An Avant-Garde music piece by Schoenberg conducted/performed by Boulez.

Three Hungarian Folk Songs from Csík

A Nationalism musical piece composed by Béla Bartók.