psychoactive drugs

Psychoactive Drugs

Chemicals that influence perceptions and/or mood.

Tolerance

Brain chemistry adapts to frequent drug use, requiring more of the drug for the same effect.

Addiction

Craving for a drug despite negative physical, psychological, or social consequences.

Withdrawal

Unpleasant physical or psychological effects experienced when a dependent drug is suddenly stopped.

Substance Use Disorder

Continued drug use that disrupts life, varying in severity.

Diminished Control

Inability to say no to drug use.

Hazardous Use

Engaging in risky behaviors, such as driving under the influence.

Depressants

Drugs that reduce activity in the central nervous system and anxiety.

Barbiturates

Drugs that enhance GABA, used for anxiety and epilepsy.

Benzodiazepines

Milder alternatives to barbiturates with less addictive potential.

Alcohol

A depressant that slows neural processing and impairs memory.

Delirium Tremens (DTs)

Severe alcohol withdrawal that can be fatal, causing hallucinations and convulsions.

Opiates

Natural drugs derived from opium.

Opioids

Synthetic drugs that mimic the effects of opiates.

Analgesia

Pain relief triggered by opiates/opioids.

Naloxone (Narcan)

An opioid receptor antagonist that blocks the effects of opioids.

Anhedonia

Reduced pleasure and depression due to decreased dopamine during withdrawal.

Hyperalgesia

Increased sensitivity to pain during opioid withdrawal.

Stimulants

Drugs that excite nervous system functions by increasing excitatory neurotransmitters.

Nicotine

A stimulant that binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, increasing dopamine release.

Caffeine

An antagonist for adenosine that increases CNS activity and alertness.

Cocaine

A stimulant that blocks the reuptake of dopamine, leading to prolonged effects.

Downregulation

Decrease in the number of dopamine receptors due to repeated drug use.

Methamphetamine

A stimulant that triggers dopamine release, leading to intense energy and focus.

Ecstasy (MDMA)

A drug that blocks the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, enhancing mood.

LSD

A hallucinogenic drug that acts as a serotonin agonist, altering perception and mood.

Formication

A sensation of insects crawling on the skin, often associated with meth use.

Hyponatremia

A dangerous condition caused by depleted sodium levels, potentially leading to death.

Hallucinogenic Drugs

Substances that alter perception of self and the environment.

Withdrawal Effects

Symptoms experienced when stopping drug use, including anxiety, depression, and physical discomfort.