Unit 2: The Mongol Empire and Eurasian Growth

Flashcards covering the Chapter 1 through Chapter 9 lecture notes on the expansion, division, defeat, and societal structures of the Mongol Empire.

When is the Unit 2 review guide due?

It is due on the fourteenth (early next week).

Who became the Great Khan of the Mongol Empire after the death of Genghis Khan?

Ogedei Khan.

What were the four distinctive divisions of the Mongol Empire that emerged under Ogedei Khan?

The Yuan dynasty, the Chagatay Khanate, the Ilkhanate, and the Golden Horde.

Who established the Golden Horde in 1236, and how large was his invasion force into Russia?

Batu Khan established it with a massive horde of 100,000 men.

Which major city of the Kievan Rus' was destroyed and looted by the Golden Horde in 1240?

Kyiv (or Kiev).

Why did Batu Khan pause the Mongol invasion of Europe following the Battle of Mohi?

Ogedei Khan died, requiring Batu Khan to return to the central capital for the funeral and to secure his political standing.

Which leader of the Duchy of Muscovy organized the Russian uprising that defeated the Golden Horde around 1380?

Ivan the Third (also known as Ivan Grozny or Ivan the Great).

Which Mongol leader established the Ilkhanate and ordered the destruction of Baghdad in 1258?

Hulagu Khan.

How many people were killed in the massacre during the Mongol destruction of Baghdad in 1258?

Around 200,000 people.

What military tactics did the Muslim Mamluks of Egypt use to defeat the Mongols?

They used camel archers adapted to desert climates, siege equipment like catapults and trebuchets, and ambush tactics and traps.

What Chinese name did the capital city Zhongdu originally have before Kublai Khan renamed it to Dadu?

Zhongdu was the original Chinese name before being renamed to the Mongolian name Dadu.

Under what specific conditions were Mongol women permitted to initiate a divorce?

If the husband was not earning enough money to support the family, if he was abusive to the mother or child, or if he was a drunkard.

What weather events repeatedly destroyed the Mongol invasion fleets attempting to conquer Japan?

Two typhoons, referred to by the Japanese as the "divine winds".

What resistance group was formed by the Chinese scholar gentry in the 1350s to oppose Mongol rule?

The White Lotus Society.

Who led the revolt that successfully overthrew the Yuan dynasty in 1368 to establish the Ming dynasty?

Zhu Yuanzhang, a former Buddhist monk.