Behaviorist & Social Learning Approaches

These flashcards cover key concepts, theories, and experiments related to Behaviorist and Social Learning Approaches in psychology, including classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and relevant studies.

What is classical conditioning?

Learning by association.

What are the key elements of classical conditioning according to Pavlov?

UCS, CS, UCR , CR, NS

What is operant conditioning?

Learning through reinforcement

What is positive reinforcement?

Add a pleasant stimulus (good consequence) = reinforced behaviour

What is negative reinforcement?

Remove an unpleasant stimulus (good consequence) = reinforcement

What is positive punishment?

Add an unpleasant stimulus (bad consequence) = less reinforcement

What is negative punishment?

Remove pleasant stimulis (bad consequence) = less reinforcement

What is social learning theory?

Behavior is learned through observation, imitation, and modeling.

Who conducted the Bobo Doll experiment and what was its purpose?

Bandura

To investigate modeling in young children.

What did the results of the Bobo Doll experiment indicate regarding gender differences?

Boys displayed more aggressive behavior than girls, especially when behavior was praised.

What is vicarious learning?

Learning through observation and the consequences that others experience.

What psychological therapies are based on classical conditioning?

Therapies such as aversion therapy are based on classical conditioning principles.

How does classical conditioning apply to the Little Albert experiment?

Little Albert was conditioned to fear a white rat by associating the rat with a loud noise.

What role does motivation play in behavior according to operant conditioning?

Motivation influences behavior through the desire to obtain rewards or avoid punishments.