liver abdomen ultrasound

coronary

anterior superior surface of the liver runs of superiorly, then posteriorly on the right to the anterior leaf of the coronary ligament.

1.what is the white arrow pointing to

PV

2.what is the red arrow pointing to

CBD

4. how big should the white arrow not exceed

1.3

5. what measuremt should red arrow not exceed

1mm

5. what is the blue arrow pointing to

ivc

6. what is the purple arrow pointing to

ligamentum venosum

7. is this image trans or long

long

8. what is the green arrow pointing to

left lobe of the liver

9. what is the blue arrow pointing to

caudate lobe

10. what vessels are these

.hepatic

11. are they hepatofugal or hepatopedal

hepatofugal

12. what is the blue box pointing to

cbd

13. what is the orange box pointing to

pv

14. what is the purple box pointing to

ha

15. what is the blue arrow pointing to

gb

16. what is the green arrow pointing to

right lobe

17. what is the orange arrow pointing to

kidney

18. in what lobe of the liver is this mass seen

right

19. is the mass hyperechoic or hypoechoic compared to the liver

hyperechoic

20. what is the orange vessel

rhv

21. whats the blue arrow

mhv

22. what the purple arrow

lhv

23. what is green box pointing to

.cbd

24. what is purple box pointing to

pv

25. what is the blue box pointing to

mlf

the landmarks of the liver include all the except:

a. right hypochondrium

b. greater part of the epigastrium

c. left hypochondrium

d. right hypogastrium

d. right hypogastrium

which characteristic of the right lobe of the liver is untrue

a. the right lobe exceeds the left by a ratio of 2:1

b. the falciform ligament borders its upper furface

c. the inferior and posterioir surfaces are marked by three foassae: the porta hepatis, gb fossa, and ivc fossa

d. lleft sagittal fossa borders the posterior surface

a. the right lobe exceeds the left by a ratio of 2:1

which charasteric of the left lobe of the liver if incorrect

a. the upper surface is convex and molded omto the diaphragm

b. the undersurface includes the gastric impression and omental tuberosity

c. the porta hepatis is the anterior border

d. the fossa for the gb is on the right of the medial segment

c. the portal hepatis is the anterior border

which ligament and fissure is not found within the hepatic parenchyma

a. main lobar fissure

b. transvers fissure

c. falciform ligament

d. ligamentum teres

B. Transverse fissure

which statement is incorrect to sigtinguish hepatic veins from portal veins

a. hepatic veins flows into the ivs

b. spleinc veins flow into the ivc

c. heptaic veins course between hepatic lobes and segments

d. portal veins are larger at their orgin as they emanate from the porta hepatis

b. splenic veins flow into the ivc

the portal flow is shown to be _ whereas the hepatic venous flow is _

toward, away

falciform ligament

divides left and right lobes, ends at the ligaments teres, or round ligament inferiorly.

gastrohepatic

portion of the lesser momentum that extends across the transverse fissure for the ligamentum venosum at the porta hepatis of the lesser curvature of the stomach

hepatoduodenal

this is a portion of the lesser momentum that extends as the right free boarder of the gastrohepatic ligament to the proximal duodenum and the right flexure of the colon

left triangular

anterosuperior surfacer of the liver runs superiorly then postereiorly on the right to the left triangular ligament

ligamentum venosum

marks the left anterolateral boarder of the caudate lobe. this travels in the transverse fissures

right triangular ligament

helps forms the boundary of the bare area

ligamentum teres

the terminal end of the falciform ligament

common hepatic artery

branch of the celiac axis that supplies the liver and divides into the GDA and PHA

Left hepatic vein

one of the three main veins draining the liver via the IVC; drains the left lobe

left portal vein

branch of the main portal vein; marks the anterior border of the caudate lobe: carries blood from the GI tract to the left lobe

main portal vein

formed by splenic and superior and inferior mesenteric veins: drains blood from the GI tract to the liver to be processed

middle hepatic vein

one of three main veins draining the liver via the IVC; drains a portion of the right and medial left lobes of the liver

portal confluence

union of the splenic and superior and inferior mesenteric veins near the head of the pancreas that forms the portal vein before entering the liver

proper hepatic artery

division of the common hepatic artery that supplies the liver

right hepatic vein

one of three main veins draining the liver via the IVC: drains the right lobe of the liver

right portal vein only

branch of the main portal vein: carries blood from the GI tract to the right lobe of the liver

bare area

only area of the liver not covered by peritoneum

caudate lobe

smallest lobe in the liver bordered by the fossa for the IC falciform ligament, lesser omentum

couinaud’s liver segmentation

divine of liver segments based on hepatic or portal venous anatomy used for dividing the liver into 8 segments

what is porta hepatis? what vessels enter and exit here?

It is where the Portal Vein, Hepatic Artery, Common Bile Duct enter and exit the liver.

what is apart of the portal triad

portal vein, hepatic artery, common bile duct

glisson’s capsule

this is a tight fibrous capsule covering the liver

hemiliver

part of the liver defined as right or left half, as used in co\ouinauds liver segmentation system

main lobar fissure

echogenic line connecting neck of the gallbladder to the right portal vein: also referred to as the plane associated with the rex-cantle RC line for the couinauds ; liver segmentation system. the rc line runs from the gallbadder fossa to the IVS alone the plane of the main lobar fissure

morrisons pouch

space between the posterior subphernic and posterior sub hepatic space. it should be free of fluid

papillary process

normal variatnts of the caudate lobe. process can extend distally from the lobe and mimic a lesion

porta hépatisations

area of the hilus where portal vein and hepatic artery enter and cud exits

portal triad

portion of the portal veins, biliary ducts and hepatic artery which are all throughout the liver

quadrate lobe

“4” lobe of the liver

reidels lobe

normal variants of the right lobe where the right love extends caudal into the abdomen towards the iliac crest

right lobe

largest lobe of the liver occupying most of the right hypochondrium

subhepatic space

located posteriorly and interiorly forms morrisons pouch

subhrenic space

located posteriorly and inferiorly forms morisons pouch

transverse fissure

fissure that conveys the ligaments venosums

epiploic foramen of Winslow

is the communication between greater and lesser sacs of the peritoneum

greater omentum

fold of momentum that extends from lesser curvature of the stomach and covers the intestines

greater sac

is the protective thin layer that encloses most of the abdominal organs

lesser momentum

is the double layer of the momentum that extends from the liver to part of the duodenum

lesser sac

it is also known as omentum bursa small sac posterior to the stomach and anterior to the pancreas and part of the transverse colon

caudate lobe matching

smallest lobe of the liver situated on the posteruperior surface of the left lobe: the ligament venosume is anterior border

ligamentum venosum matching

separates left lobe from caudate lobe: shown as echogenic line on the transverse and sagittal images

bare area matching

area super to the liver that is not covered ny peritoneum so that IVC may enter the chest

left lobe of the liver matching

lies in the epigastrium and left hypochondrium

right lobe of the liver matching

largest lobe of the liver

main lobar fissure matching

boundary between the left and right lobes of the liver; seen and as glow line on the image from the portal vein of the gallbladder

falciform ligament matching

extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm in a sagitall plane and contains the ligaments teres

left portal vein matching

supplies the left lobe of the liver

ligamentum teres matching

appears glowing on transverse; falciform ligament, divides, medial and lateral segments of left lobe of the liver

main portal vein matching

enter the liver at the portal hepatis

right hypochondrium matching

ruq of the abd that contains the liv and gb

right portal vein

supplies the right lobe of the liver ; branches into anterior and posterior segments

left hypochondrium matching

luq of the abd contains the left lobe of the liver, spleen and stomach

epigastrium matching

area between the left and right hypochondrium

a congenital variant __ lobe, can sometimes be seen as anterior projection of the liver and may extend inferiorly as far as the iliac crest

riedls

the liver is covered by a thin connective tissue layer called __ capsule

glissons

the __ fissure is the boundary between the right and left lobes of the liver

main lobar

the __ ligament extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm in a parasagittal plane and contains the ligaments teres

falciform

the ligamentum __ appears as a bright echogenic focus on the sonogram and is seen as the rounded termination of the falciform ligament

teres

the fissure fpr the ligaments __ separates the left lobe from the caudate lobe

venosum

the hepatic veins are divided intro 3 components , and _

right middle left veins

the liver is a major center of __which may be defined as the physical and chemical processed whereby foodstuff are synthesized into complex elements

metabolism

a ligament released when the red blood cells are broken down is -__

billirubin

the liver is also a center for __ of the waste products of metabolism accumulated accumulated from other sources in the body and dofreign chemicals that enter the body`

storage

sugars may be absorbed from the blood in several forms but only __ can be used by cells through tt he body as a source of energy

detoxification

the accompanying loss of oncotic pressure in the vascular system allows fluid to migrate into the interstitial space resulting in __ in dependent areas

edema

hemoglobin released from the red cells in converted to __ within the reticuloendothelial system and is the relased into the bloodstream

bilirubin

elevation of serum bilirubin result in __ which is a yellow coloration of the skin sclera and body secretions

jaundice

generally a wider pie sector or curved linear array transducer is the most appropriate to optimally image the __ pf the abdomen

near field