laboratory lab

effervescense

pr of Carbonate (CO₃²⁻)

white ppt while bacl2 dissolved

pr of Sulfite (SO₃²⁻)

yellow PPT with thioacetamide

pr os Arsenite (AsO₂⁻)

yellow

pr Phosphate (PO₄³⁻)

purple ccl4 layer

pr os Arsenate (AsO₄³⁻)

purple to colorless

pr Oxalate (C₂O₄²⁻)

cloudy glass

pr Fluoride (F⁻)

basic

If pH ≥ 10: presence of anions

free acid present

If pH ≤ 2

9-10

pl CaCO₃

10pH

ph level Ca3(PO4)2

9-10

Na2SO3

7ph

NaCl

7ph

Na2SO4

turbid

NaOH + Mg(NO₃)₂ (3 drops each

orange to green

Sulphite ion + K₂Cr₂O₇

brown

Calcium arsenate + HCl

white

CaF₂ + H₂SO₄

bleaches to white

Hypochlorite

orange solution

Bromide ion with Chlorine water

pale yellow

Silver nitrate in iodide ion

purple color

Iodide ion with organic solvent

milky

CO₂ in lime water

Ca(OH)2

Formula (lime water)

hypochrorite

Bleaching powder turns red to blue

group of anions

#8 activity is called

pb hg ag

for precipitate with dilute HCL

Hg Bi Cu Cd As Sb Sn

do not react with hcl but form ppt with h2s in dulte mineral acid medium

Fe2 Fe3 Al Cr Ni Co Mn Zr

Do not react with either HCl and H2S in dilute mineral acid medium

Ca Ba Sr

Do not react with HCl, H2S but form precipitate in NH4CL

Mg Na K NH4

Do not react with the any reagent stated