Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions

Detailed practice flashcards covering definitions of art, contemporary Philippine art history, regional art forms, and national artists as presented in the Module 1 transcript.

What is the Latin etymology of the word 'art'?

It is derived from the Latin word 'ars/artis' which means to do or man-made.

How does J.V. Estolas define 'art'?

Art is derived from the Latin word 'ars,' meaning ability or skill.

According to A. Tan, what does the Italian word 'artis' signify?

It means craftsmanship, skill, and mastery of form that exists between material and technique.

What is R. Zulueta's definition of art?

Art is a product of man's need to express himself.

How does C. Sanchez describe the communication involved in art?

Art is the communication of ideas and feelings by means of medium, color, sound, bronze, marble, words, and film.

What was Plato's concise definition of art?

Art is beauty of the world.

How did J. Dewey characterize the nature of art?

Art is an attitude of spirit, a state of mind—one which demands for its own satisfaction and fulfilling.

According to Rustia, how is nature used in art?

Art is the skillful arrangement of nature such as colors, sounds, lines, movements, words, stones, wood, etc., to express human feelings.

What is defined as the ability to interpret or understand man-made arts and enjoy them for satisfaction?

Art Appreciation

In the context of the lecture, what is a 'Work of Art'?

An activity involving both imagination and skill, often described as an 'obra maestra' that provides aesthetic value.

What constitutes the 'Subject of Art'?

The subject matter represented in the artwork, which may be a person, object, scene, or event.

According to Wikipedia, when was contemporary art produced?

Contemporary art is the art of today and produced in the second half of the $20^{th}$ century or in the $21^{st}$ century.

In what type of world do contemporary artists work?

A globally influenced, culturally diverse, and technologically advanced world.

What are some examples of art forms that emerged during the $21^{st}$ century?

Photography, graphic design, and animation.

According to Santos ($2016$), what is notable about Philippine art?

One notes various shades, lines, and tones that have been absorbed and blended into new forms that are particularly Filipino.

When did Contemporary Arts begin in the Philippines?

Contemporary Arts began during the $1950s$, after World War II.

Why were early contemporary artists viewed as such?

Because their styles and methods of making artworks veered away from that of customary workmanship.

Where can Contemporary Philippine Art typically be found today?

In various displays, art schools, side lanes, and open spaces like train or transport stations, shopping centers, parks, and malls.

What is the primary focus for most contemporary artists regarding their work?

The message it wants to convey rather than how much money is made.

What is the 'Vacul' used by the Ivatans of Batanes?

A headgear made from the fibers of vuyavuy palm to protect from heat and rain.

From what material is the Vacul made?

The fibers of the vuyavuy palm.

What is the purpose of the statues crafted in the Cordillera region (Baguio and Benguet)?

They are used in rituals for thanksgiving for rich harvest, to repel sinister forces, and for celebrations of marriages and funerals.

What do those partaking in the Moriones Festival in Marinduque use to portray Roman soldiers?

Morion masks.

Who are the costumed penitents in the Moriones Festival searching for?

Longinus

What is the meaning of the Visayan word 'maskara'?

Mask

Why is Bacolod known as the 'City of Smiles'?

Because Maskara are always ornamented with smiling faces.

What does the term 'pinta' (tattoo) symbolize for the inhabitants of Panay Islands?

It symbolizes their 'kaisugan' or valor or bravery.

What are the 'Pintados' of the Ilo-ilo and Panay regions named after?

Their tattoos, which are called 'Pinta'.

What are the traditional outrigger boats of Mindanao called?

Vintas

What are the colorful rectangular log sails of a Vinta called?

Bukay

What do the bifurcated prows and sterns of a Vinta resemble?

The gaping mouth of a crocodile.

What is 'T'nalak'?

A traditional cloth made of Abaca fibers by the T'bolis in Lake Sebu, South Cotabato.

What are the three primary colors traditionally used in T'nalak?

Red, black, and the original color of the Abaca leaves.

Why are the T'bolis sometimes called 'Dream Weavers'?

Because they believe they cannot create a design of the T'nalak if they have not dreamed of it.

What is the 'Sarimanok'?

A legendary bird symbol of Maranao art depicted as a fowl holding a fish in its beak or talons.

What motifs decorate the head of the Sarimanok?

Scroll, leaf, and spiral motifs.

What does the Sarimanok symbolize?

Good fortune

To which plant family does Abaca belong?

The Banana family.

What are some products made from Buri palm leaves?

Hats, bags, baskets, memorabilia boxes, and perfume trays.

What is Pandan used to produce?

Baskets, hats, picture frames, and bags.

What are some specific Rattan furniture items mentioned in the text?

Zoya lounge chair, Valencia queen size bed, and Rest divan.

What classification of art involves the use of an artist’s body as a medium and requires movement?

Performing Arts

What is the difference between Visual Arts and Sculptural Arts in terms of dimensions?

Visual Arts usually exist in two-dimensional form, while Sculptural Arts are a three-dimensional form.

How does the text define 'Literature' as an art form?

Narratives or works that are literary in nature, primarily dealing with imaginative and artistic writing (prose and poetry).

What are examples of 'Major Arts' or 'Fine Arts' designated by critics?

Music, literature, sculpture, painting, dance, theater, photography, and architecture.

What is 'Practical Art'?

Art with a purpose intended for practical use, such as a chair or table.

What is 'Sight Art' under the classification by an artist?

Something that you can see, imagine, and create, such as painting or stage designing.

What are examples of 'Touch Art'?

Sculpture, carving, wood craft, pottery, and dance movement.

What is the definition of 'Real Art'?

Something that is understandable, objective, representational, and 'what you see is what you get.'

How is 'Abstract Art' defined?

Non-subject matter and non-representational, but technique-focused and style-oriented.

Which artwork by Piet Mondrian is cited as an example of Abstract Art?

Grey Tree

What does 'GAMABA' stand for?

Gawad ng Manlilikha ng Bayan

Who is the Artistic Director of Ballet Manila?

Lisa Macuja-Elizalde

What art form is Ginaw Bilog known for?

Poetry (Hanonou, Mangyan tribe).

What contemporary art form did Lang Dulay practice?

Textile Weaving (T'boli tribe).

Which artist is recognized for Metal Working in Apalit, Pampanga?

Eduardo Mutuc

What is the contemporary art form of Teofilo Garcia from Abra?

Casque Making

Who is the artist from the Sama tribe in Tawi-Tawi known for Mat Weaving?

Haja Amina Appi

What form of art is Federico Caballero known for in Iloilo?

Epic Chanting

Which artist is a specialist in Local Music and Dance from the Lubugan tribe in Kalinga?

Alonzo Saclag