Ch 2: The scientific method

The scientific method:

A process of investigation where problems are identified and their explanations are tested by carrying out experiments.

2 Limitations of the scientific method...

• Accidental discoveries

• Extent of our knowledge.

Observation:

An unbias, accurate, report of an event.

hypothesis:

An educated guess or idea on an observation.

Experiment:

A test conducted to test a hypothesis.

data:

Measurements, observations and info gathered during an experiment.

Theory:

A hypothesis that has been supported by different experiments.

Variable:

Is a factor that has been changed in the course of an experiment.

Control:

A comparison used to provide a standard against, to compare the results of your investigation

Random selection:

The process of choosing a sample for experimentation without a method or conscious decision.

replication:

A repeat of an experiment.

Double-blind testing:

An experiment where neither the tester nor the patient knows what treatment is being given.

placebo:

A substance with no active ingredient used as a control in an experiment

When writing up the conclusion of a scientific investigation, what information should be included?

• Hypothesis

• Results analysed

Why is random selection important during an experiment?

As it increases reliability and reduces bias.

Why is a control used in an experiment?

To compare the results of the experiment

Give features of good experimental design:

• Large sample size

• A control

• Repetition of experiment

• Random selection

• Double blind testing

Where do scientists publish redsults of an experiment?

Scientific Journal

Why should scientists publish their results?

• To make information widely available.

• spread knowledge

When writing up a conclusion for a scientific journal what should be included?

• Results analysed

• Hypothesis confirmed

Purpose of carrying out an experiment:

To test the hypothesis

Why is a experiment repeated:

To ensure reliability.