Quarter 3 and 4 Review Flashcards

Flashcards for Quarter 3 and 4 topics

DNA Replication

The process by which DNA makes a copy of itself during cell division.

Mitosis

A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.

Meiosis

A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.

Genetics

The study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.

Genetic Disorders

A disease that is caused by an abnormality in an individual's DNA.

Biotechnology

The exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes, especially the genetic manipulation of microorganisms for the production of antibiotics, hormones, etc.

Darwin's Theory of Evolution

The process by which organisms change over time as a result of changes in heritable physical or behavioral traits.

Common Ancestry

The concept that all life on Earth is related and evolved from a single ancestor.

Speciation

The formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.

Ecosystem

A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

Habitat

The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism.

Niche

The role and position a species has in its environment; how it meets its needs for food and shelter, how it survives, and how it reproduces.

Levels of Ecological Organization

The hierarchical levels of biological study from individual organisms to the biosphere.

Trophic Level

Each of several hierarchical levels in an ecosystem, comprising organisms that share the same function in the food chain and the same nutritional relationship to the primary sources of energy.

Ecological Relationships

The relationships between different organisms in an ecological community, including predator-prey, symbiotic, and competitive relationships.