End of Gorbachev & collapse of the USSR
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17 Terms
The Soviet Union was held together by…
the power of the Communist Party
As the power of the party diminished under Gorbachev…
nationalist feelings rose
what happened in Azerbaijan?
a crisis developed as Armenians demanded separation & incorporation into Soviet Armenia – Gorbachev sided with Azerbaijan as he was aware of the implication of Soviet support for nationalist movements would lead to further territorial/political demands which could undermine the USSR
what happened in Georgia?
desire for independence led to the death of 20 protestors heightening demands
wh
what did the Baltic states do?
May 1989: Lithuania, Latvia & Estonia held a Baltic Assembly & began talks on united action to promote economic & political sovereignty from the USSR.
how did the Baltic states protest communist rule?
Aug 1989: Protestors formed a Baltic Way across their republics in commemoration of the pact which had led to their annexation by the USSR
when did Lithuania declare its independance?
February 1990
when did Estonia declare its independance?
March 1990
when did Latvia declare independance?
May 1990
what did the Soviets do in response to the Baltic states declaring independance?
The soviets tried to gain control by sending troops in Jan 1991 to Lithuania & Latvia but the Soviet gov failed to supress/placate the nationalists
what happened August 1991 in the USSR?
a coup to overthrow Gorbachev was planned by communist hardliners who felt that Gorbachev’s policies had failed & that they needed to establish more orthodox controls of the USSR
when did Gorbachev resign as General Secretary of the Communist Party?
24 August 1991
what happened after Gorbachev’s resignation?
8 new republics were created; there were plans to remain economically & politically united but without the Communist Party this would not work
what happened Dec 1991?
the leaders of Russia, Belarus & Ukraine met in Minsk and created the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
what happened 25 Dec 1991?
the Soviet Union decided to dissolve itself. Boris Yeltsin took Gorbachev’s office & became leader. The Cold War is over.