APUSH Fluency Facts

0.0(0)
Studied by 0 people
call kaiCall Kai
Locked
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
GameKnowt Play
Card Sorting

1/113

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Last updated 6:12 PM on 9/8/26
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced
Call with Kai
Chat

No analytics yet

Send a link to your students to track their progress

114 Terms

1
New cards
Three Sisters
Who: Aztec, Pueblo, Iroquois, and other Indigenous societies
2
New cards
Three Sisters
What: Corn (maize), beans, and squash were planted together in a mutually beneficial agricultural system that improved soil fertility, reduced weeds, and increased crop yields.
3
New cards
Three Sisters
Where: Mexico, Southwest, and east of Mississippi River
4
New cards
Three Sisters
When: 3000 BCE–Present
5
New cards
Three Sisters
Why: Supported permanent settlements, population growth, and complex Indigenous societies; demonstrated advanced environmental and agricultural knowledge before European arrival.
6
New cards
7
New cards
Columbian Exchange
Who: Europeans and Indigenous peoples
8
New cards
Columbian Exchange
What: The transfer of plants, animals, people, goods, and diseases between Europe, Africa, and the Americas after 1492.
9
New cards
Columbian Exchange
Where: Europe and the Americas
10
New cards
Columbian Exchange
When: 1492–1500s
11
New cards
Columbian Exchange
Why: Introduced new crops like corn and potatoes, boosted European populations, brought deadly diseases that devastated Indigenous peoples, and increased demand for enslaved African labor.
12
New cards
13
New cards
Encomienda System
Who: Spanish colonists, Indigenous peoples, Las Casas (critic)
14
New cards
Encomienda System
What: A Spanish labor system granting colonists control over Indigenous land and forced labor in exchange for promises to protect and Christianize them.
15
New cards
Encomienda System
Where: Spanish colonies
16
New cards
Encomienda System
When: 1512–1542
17
New cards
Encomienda System
Why: Led to exploitation, violence, and population decline among Native peoples; sparked debates about Indigenous rights and contributed to the New Laws of 1542.
18
New cards
19
New cards
Pueblo Revolt
Who: Pueblo Indians led by Popé, Spanish settlers and priests
20
New cards
Pueblo Revolt
What: An uprising against Spanish rule that killed 400 colonists, destroyed churches, and drove 2,000 settlers out of the region.
21
New cards
Pueblo Revolt
Where: American Southwest
22
New cards
Pueblo Revolt
When: 1680
23
New cards
Pueblo Revolt
Why: Temporarily forced the Spanish out and restored traditional Pueblo religion and culture until the Spanish returned in 1692.
24
New cards
25
New cards
Virginia Company
Who: English investors and Jamestown settlers
26
New cards
Virginia Company
What: A joint
27
New cards
Virginia Company
Where: Jamestown, Virginia
28
New cards
Virginia Company
When: 1607
29
New cards
Virginia Company
Why: Marked the beginning of permanent English settlement and set an early precedent for representative government in the colonies.
30
New cards
31
New cards
Bacon's Rebellion
Who: Nathaniel Bacon, Governor Berkeley, former indentured servants
32
New cards
Bacon's Rebellion
What: An armed uprising against Virginia's colonial government over conflicts with Native Americans, high taxes, and Berkeley's favoritism toward wealthy elites.
33
New cards
Bacon's Rebellion
Where: Jamestown, Virginia
34
New cards
Bacon's Rebellion
When: 1676
35
New cards
Bacon's Rebellion
Why: Exposed tensions between wealthy planters and frontier settlers and contributed to the shift toward enslaved African labor.
36
New cards
37
New cards
Frame of Government
Who: William Penn and Pennsylvania colonists
38
New cards
Frame of Government
What: A written constitution for Pennsylvania that promoted religious tolerance, fair treatment of Native Americans, and representative self
39
New cards
Frame of Government
Where: Pennsylvania
40
New cards
Frame of Government
When: 1682
41
New cards
Frame of Government
Why: Reflected Penn's Quaker ideals and Enlightenment thought; established religious freedom, civil rights protections, and a model of tolerance and diversity.
42
New cards
43
New cards
Navigation Acts
Who: British Parliament, colonial merchants, colonists
44
New cards
Navigation Acts
What: Laws restricting colonial trade to English ships and requiring certain goods to be shipped only to England.
45
New cards
Navigation Acts
Where: British colonies
46
New cards
Navigation Acts
When: 1651–through the 1700s
47
New cards
Navigation Acts
Why: Reflected mercantilism and ensured England profited from colonial trade; strict enforcement later fueled colonial resentment.
48
New cards
49
New cards
City on a Hill
Who: John Winthrop and Puritan colonists
50
New cards
City on a Hill
What: A sermon on the ship Arbella describing Massachusetts Bay Colony as a model Christian community watched by the world.
51
New cards
City on a Hill
Where: Boston Harbor, Massachusetts
52
New cards
City on a Hill
When: 1630
53
New cards
City on a Hill
Why: Symbolized the idea of American exceptionalism and later influenced ideas about America's mission and values.
54
New cards
55
New cards
Anne Hutchinson
Who: Anne Hutchinson
56
New cards
Anne Hutchinson
What: A Puritan who was banished from Massachusetts Bay Colony for heresy after preaching that God communicated directly with individuals rather than only through church leaders.
57
New cards
Anne Hutchinson
Where: Massachusetts Bay Colony
58
New cards
Anne Hutchinson
When: 1637
59
New cards
Anne Hutchinson
Why: Challenged colonial gender roles and church authority and contributed to the founding of Rhode Island and ideas about separation of church and state.
60
New cards
61
New cards
King Philip's War
Who: New England colonists and Native Americans led by Metacom
62
New cards
King Philip's War
What: A violent conflict over land encroachment and colonial expansion after the murder of praying Indian John Sassamon.
63
New cards
King Philip's War
Where: New England
64
New cards
King Philip's War
When: 1675–1676
65
New cards
King Philip's War
Why: Became a major turning point in Native
66
New cards
67
New cards
Iroquois Confederacy
Who: Iroquois nations, British colonists, French colonists
68
New cards
Iroquois Confederacy
What: A powerful alliance of Indigenous nations that established a representative system of government and promoted cooperation.
69
New cards
Iroquois Confederacy
Where: New York
70
New cards
Iroquois Confederacy
When: Founded around 1450
71
New cards
Iroquois Confederacy
Why: Formed a strategic alliance with the English and influenced colonial diplomacy and ideas about representative government.
72
New cards
73
New cards
1st Great Awakening
Who: George Whitefield, John Edwards, and colonial religious people
74
New cards
1st Great Awakening
What: A religious revival emphasizing emotional religious experiences, personal salvation, and challenges to established church authority.
75
New cards
1st Great Awakening
Where: Northern colonies, spreading south
76
New cards
1st Great Awakening
When: 1730s–1760s
77
New cards
1st Great Awakening
Why: Weakened traditional churches, promoted new denominations, encouraged questioning of authority, and helped spread revolutionary thinking.
78
New cards
79
New cards
Salutary Neglect
Who: British government and American colonists
80
New cards
Salutary Neglect
What: A British policy where trade regulations and supervision of colonial affairs were loosely enforced as long as colonies remained loyal and profitable.
81
New cards
Salutary Neglect
Where: North American colonies
82
New cards
Salutary Neglect
When: Late 1600s–1763
83
New cards
Salutary Neglect
Why: Allowed colonists to develop economic freedom and self
84
New cards
85
New cards
Plan of Union
Who: Benjamin Franklin, Iroquois, and colonial representatives
86
New cards
Plan of Union
What: A proposal for a unified colonial government for defense and Native relations.
87
New cards
Plan of Union
Where: Albany, New York
88
New cards
Plan of Union
When: 1754
89
New cards
Plan of Union
Why: An early attempt at colonial unity; its rejection revealed divisions but demonstrated the need for intercolonial cooperation later seen in the Continental Congress.
90
New cards
91
New cards
French and Indian War
Who: British colonists, French colonists, and Native allies
92
New cards
French and Indian War
What: A conflict over control of the Ohio River Valley that ended with Britain's victory over France in mainland North America.
93
New cards
French and Indian War
Where: Ohio River Valley
94
New cards
French and Indian War
When: 1754–1763
95
New cards
French and Indian War
Why: Britain's war debt led to new colonial taxes, straining relations and setting the stage for the American Revolution.
96
New cards
97
New cards
Pontiac's Rebellion
Who: Ottawa leader Pontiac, Native alliance, British soldiers and colonists
98
New cards
Pontiac's Rebellion
What: A Native uprising resisting British expansion into the Ohio Valley after the French defeat.
99
New cards
Pontiac's Rebellion
Where: Great Lakes region and Ohio Valley
100
New cards
Pontiac's Rebellion
When: 1763