HLS anatomy 2 : Lymph drainage of Abdomen , Head and Neck

Superficial lymphatic above the umbilicus drains to …(1)…

and Below the umbilicus to …(2)….

(1) The axillary lymph nodes

(2) The superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Deep lymphatic above the umbilicus drains to …(1)…

and Below the umbilicus to …(2)….

(1) The parasternal lymph nodes

(2) The external iliac Lymph nodes

Lymph Drainage of Stomach?

The lymph vessels follow the arteries into the:

1- left and right gastric nodes

2-the left and right gastroepiploic nodes

3-the short gastric nodes

N.B: All lymph from the stomach eventually passes to the celiac nodes

upper part of the duodenum drains into …(1)… , and the lower part drains into …(2)…

(1) the hepatic lymph nodes

(2) the superior mesenteric lymph nodes

note : The lymph vessels of the duodenum follow the arteries and drain upward via pancreaticoduodenal nodes to the gastroduodenal nodes and then to the celiac nodes and Downward via pancreaticoduodenal nodes to the superior mesenteric nodes around the origin of the superior mesenteric artery

Lymphatic drainage of the Jejunum and Ileum

A) Small and numerous lymph nodes close to the small intestine.

B)Larger and fewer lymph nodes along the jejunal and ileal vessels

C) Larger and fewer lymph nodes along the superior mesenteric vessels

Colic lymph nodes arrangements :

(1) …. on the wall of the colon , (2)… along the borders of the colon (3)… along the branches of the superior and inferior mesenteric vessels (4)…. along the superior and inferior mesenteric vessels.

(1) Epicolic lymph nodes

(2) Paracolic lymph nodes

(3) intermediate colic lymph node

(4) Terminal colic lymph nodes:

According to lymph drainage of the liver , superficial lymphatic drain the whole surfaces of the liver and end into (4) ?

a- The lymph nodes around the terminal part of IVC

b- Hepatic lymph nodes (along hepatic artery)

c- Para-cardiac group (around the lower part of esophagus)

d- Celiac lymph nodes (around the celiac trunk).

According to lymph drainage of the liver , the deep lymphatics of the liver divided into ascending which end into (1) and descending trunks which end into (2) .

(1) lymph nodes around the I.V.C

(2) end in the hepatic lymph nodes

(T/F)

All the lymph drainage from the head and neck goes to the deep cervical nodes.

true

The thoracic duct and the right lymphatic duct empty into ….

the junction of the subclavian and internal jugular veins on their respective sides

according to lymph drainage of head and neck , ….. nodes lie across the midline, below the chin in the submental triangle

Submental Nodes

according to lymph drainage of head and neck , …. nodes lie in the digastric triangle in relation to the submandibular salivary gland

Submandibular Nodes

according to lymph drainage of head and neck , …. nodes are found superficial and deep to the fascial capsule of the parotid, as well as within the gland

Preauricular Nodes

according to lymph drainage of head and neck , …. node is frequently present where the facial vessels cross the lower border of the mandible

Small Mandibular Node

according to lymph drainage of head and neck , …. node lie on the lateral surface of the buccinator

Small Buccal Node

according to lymph drainage of head and neck , …. nodes lie on the mastoid process

One or two mastoid (postauricular) nodes

according to lymph drainage of head and neck , ….. nodes are present at the apex of the posterior triangle of the neck

two or three occipital nodes

according to lymph drainage of head and neck , …. lie along the external jugular vein, on the superficial surface of the sternocleidomastoid

few superficial cervical nodes

N.B : drain the lobule of the auricle, floor of the external acoustic meatus and skin over the lower parotid region, as well as the lateral cervical skin

Quick recap by these 2 pictures on both cards

..

Deep Cervical Lymph Nodes that present in the middle line ? (5)

1- Infrahyoid nodes

2- Prelaryngeal nodes

3- Pretracheal nodes

4- Paratracheal nodes

5- Retropharyngeal nodes

mention the nodes that drain the anterior cervical nodes and receive lymph from the larynx, trachea and thyroid gland

1- Infrahyoid nodes

2- Prelaryngeal nodes

3- Pretracheal nodes

Retropharyngeal nodes drains…(4)

1-pharynx

2-soft palate

3-posterior parts of hard palate and nose

4-the cervical vertebrae

The most important upper deep cervical lymph nodes on the side of the neck?

jugulo-digastric Lymph nodes which lie in the angle between the posterior belly of digastnic and the internal jugular vein

the jugulo-digastric lymph nodes concerned with the drainage of the….

Tongue

nodes can cause difficulty in swallowing?

Retropharyngeal nodes

The most important lower deep cervical lymph nodes on the side of the neck?

the jugulo-omohyoid lymph nodes which lie in the angle between the intermediate tendon of omohyoid and the internal jugular vein

according to surgical approach , Level I nodes are in (1) and Level II–IV nodes are (2)

(1) the submental and submandibular triangles

(2) deep cervical nodes

All levels of lymph nodes description (by detalis) ?

Level II being from the base of the skull to the carotid bifurcation (hyoid bone)

Level III from there to the intermediate tendon of omohyoid (cricoid cartilage)

Level IV from there down to the clavicle and including the supraclavicular nodes

Level V nodes are in the posterior triangle of the neck related to the accessory nerve

Level VI nodes are nodes surrounding the midline visceral structures and include the pretracheal and paratracheal nodes.

Level VII nodes are in the superior mediastinum

Classical radical neck dissection removes….

Level I–V nodes with the sternocleidomastoid muscle, internal jugular vein and accessory nerve

N.B : Modified radical neck dissection (also called functional neck dissection) preserves some or all of these latter three structures

Selective neck dissection removes…

some but not all Level I–V nodes.