ORAL PHYSIOLOGY - PRELIMS 1

INTRODUCTION

oral physiology

It is the science that deals with the functions of the human masticatory apparatus and its parts, and of the physical and chemical factors and processes involved

Deglutition
Mastication
Respiration
Speech

The principal clinical functions in which the oral structures participate include: (4)

Teeth
Bones
TMJ

Nerves
Muscles
Blood Supply
Oral Fluids

Components of the Human Masticatory Apparatus (7)

Gnathology

The field of dentistry that deals with the entire chewing apparatus, including its anatomic, physiologic, histologic, and pathologic characteristics

Gnathology

It deals with the masticatory apparatus as a whole

Mastication

It is the process by which food is crushes and ground by teeth

Mastication

The first step of digestion; increases the surface area of foods to allow more efficient break down by enzymes

Deglutition

It is the process in the human body that makes something pass from the mouth, to the pharynx, and into the esophagus, while shutting the epiglottis, and the nasopharynx

Respiration

It is the process by which organisms take up oxygen and discharge carbon dioxide in order to satisfy their energy requirements

Speech

It is the vocalized form of human communication which is based upon the synctactic combination of lexicals and names drawn from vocabularies

Speech

Each spoken word is created out of the phonetic combination of a limited set of vowel and consonant speech sound units

Anatomic crown

It is the part of the tooth covered by enamel

Clinical crown

It refers to any part of the tooth that sticks out into the oral cavity.

Active Eruption

It is the process whereby a developing tooth bodily moves through the jaw bone and overlying mucosa to its functional position in the oral cavity

Passive eruption

The process whereby the clinical crown of a tooth increases in size because of apical recession of the surrounding tissues, rather than bodily movement of the tooth

Stage 1

[WHAT STAGE] The JE is located entirely over the enamel

Stage 2

[WHAT STAGE] The JE is located in part over the enamel and in part over the cementum

Stage 3

[WHAT STAGE] The entire JE is located over cementum with its coronal end at the CEJ

Stage 4

[WHAT STAGE] The entire JE is located apical to the cemento-enamel junction