AP Psych- Sensation and Perception (Questions)

The process by which we receive, transform, and process stimuli is

a) sensation.

b) perception.

c) transduction.

d) reduction.

e) psychophysics.

a) sensation.

The study of how physical sources of stimulation are related to our experience of these stimuli is termed

a) sensation.

b) perception.

c) biophysics.

d) psychophysics.

e) sensory adaptation.

d) psychophysics.

Which German scientist is credited with initiating the scientific approach to psychology with his book Elements of Psychophysics?

a) Ernst Weber

b) Torsten Wiesel

c) Gustav Fechner

d) Max Wertheimer

e) Wilhelm Wundt

c) Gustav Fechner

Dr. Dawson's research program is concerned with how a person's experience changes as the intensity of a sound is increased. Dr. Dawson is studying

a) psychophysics.

b) sensation.

c) perception.

d) transformation.

e) biophysics.

a) psychophysics.

The smallest amount of a stimulus that a person can reliably detect is called the

a) absolute threshold.

b) difference threshold.

c) just-noticeable difference.

d) just-noticeable threshold.

e) constant threshold.

a) absolute threshold.

When the house was quiet, Rhonda, lying in bed, was able to hear the babysitter's watch ticking in the living room, from a distance of 15 feet away, about 50 percent of the time. But when the babysitter moved from the chair to the couch, another foot away, Rhonda was no longer able to hear the watch. The fact that Rhonda can hear the detect the ticking of the watch from that distance signals a(n)

a) difference threshold.

b) just-noticeable difference.

c) perceptual set.

d) absolute threshold.

e) subliminal threshold.

d) absolute threshold.

Which of the following is a test for an absolute threshold for taste?

a) Detecting a bitter taste in broccoli because one is a supertaster

b) Detecting a difference in tastes between two spots on the tongue that are one-eighth of an inch apart

c) Detecting one teaspoon of sugar dissolved in two gallons of water

d) Detecting the number and type of lemons that were used to make a pitcher of lemonade

e) Detecting the sweetness of a fruit while blindfolded

c) Detecting one teaspoon of sugar dissolved in two gallons of water

The absolute threshold for vision involves being able to see the flame of a candle flickering on a dark, clear night from a distance of about

a) 30 feet.

b) 300 feet.

c) 3 miles.

d) 30 miles.

e) 300 miles.

d) 30 miles.

The ability to feel the wing of a bee falling on one's cheek from about 1 centimeter away is a(n)

a) difference threshold

b) example of subliminal perception.

c) just-noticeable difference.

d) absolute threshold for touch.

e) example of sensory adaptation.

d) absolute threshold for touch.

The minimal difference between two stimuli that people can reliably detect is

a) the absolute threshold.

b) the difference threshold.

c) the perceptual threshold.

d) the sensitivity threshold.

e) Weber's constant.

b) the difference threshold.

Weber's constant for the volume of sound is 1/10. A car alarm is sounding off at 60 decibels. After 5 minutes, it is programmed to get louder. How loud does it have to be for people to perceive it as louder?

a) At least 61 decibels

b) At least 62 decibels

c) At least 65 decibels

d) At least 66 decibels

e) At least 70 decibels

d) At least 66 decibels

"Make the TV louder," said Paula. "I did," said Jack, pointing at the remote. "Doesn't sound louder to me," said Paula. "Does to me," said Jack. Jack is failing to consider the discrepancy between his ______ and Paula's.

a) Weber's constant

b) subliminal difference

c) difference threshold

d) absolute threshold

e) absolute difference

c) difference threshold

Weber's law suggests that

a) absolute threshold measurements underestimate true perceptual sensitivity.

b) difference thresholds are a constant proportion of the original stimulus.

c) difference thresholds are a constant quantity.

d) difference thresholds decrease as stimuli increase.

e) difference thresholds increase as stimuli decrease.

b) difference thresholds are a constant proportion of the original stimulus.

With reference to Weber's constants, people are LEAST sensitive to changes in which of the following?

a) Pitch of sounds

b) Saltiness of food

c) Heaviness of weights

d) Brightness of lights

e) Odor

b) Saltiness of food

A recipe requires 10 grams of salt. Since Weber's constant for saltiness is 1/5, how much more salt must a chef add to make the recipe noticeably saltier?

a) 0.2 gram

b) 2 grams

c) 5 grams

d) 10.2 grams

e) 10.5 grams

b) 2 grams

According to Weber's law, people are most sensitive to changes in which sensation?

a) The loudness of sounds

b) The heaviness of weight

c) The saltiness of food

d) The brightness of lights

e) The pitch of sounds

e) The pitch of sounds

The idea that the threshold for sensing a stimulus depends not only on the properties of the stimulus itself but also on the level of background stimulation is explained by

a) Weber's law.

b) dual-process theory.

c) opponent-process theory.

d) signal-detection theory.

e) sensory adaptation.

d) signal-detection theory.

Which of the following is a psychological factor that influences a person's threshold for determining a visual signal?

a) The sensitivity of her visual system

b) Her level of fatigue

c) Her physical health

d) Her level of alertness

e) Her level of motivation

e) Her level of motivation

If you are expecting a telephone call, you may be more likely to notice the telephone ringing while you are in the shower than if you were not expecting a call. This example is an illustration of

a) signal-detection theory.

b) Weber's law.

c) sensory adaptation.

d) opponent-process theory.

e) dual-process theory.

a) signal-detection theory.

Roger was studying psychology in his quiet bedroom when there was a loud "pop" in the apartment next door. Later, when the police asked him whether he heard a gunshot, he said, "No, I guess I was concentrating too hard on my studies." According to Roger, the fact that he did not detect the signal is due mostly to

a) the properties of the stimulus.

b) the level of background stimulation.

c) his physical condition.

d) psychological factors

e) the sensitivity of his hearing.

d) psychological factors

The phenomenon whereby sensory systems become less sensitive to unchanging stimuli is called

a) discrimination threshold shift.

b) sensory adaptation.

c) signal-detection.

d) threshold degradation.

e) psychophysics.

b) sensory adaptation.

Other factors being equal, which sensory stimulus is LEAST likely to lead to sensory adaptation?

a) The wail of a loud car alarm

b) The sound of a grandfather clock ticking

c) The offensive odors of a cattle farm

d) The pressure of wearing a new bracelet on one's wrist

e) The temperature of water when one enters a pool

a) The wail of a loud car alarm

When Harold first enters his swimming pool, the water feels uncomfortably cold. Five minutes later, the water feels comfortable to Harold. This is an example of

a) transduction.

b) sensory adaptation.

c) Weber's law.

d) signal-detection theory.

e) just-noticeable difference.

b) sensory adaptation.

Differentiate between absolute and difference thresholds.

The absolute threshold is the minimum amount of a stimulus that can be reliably detected. The exact amount is determined by presenting a subject with stimuli of various intensities. The intensity that people can detect 50 percent of the time is the absolute threshold. The different threshold (or just-noticeable difference) is the smallest amount of difference between two stimuli that can be detected. Interestingly, this amount is not constant. Rather, the larger a stimulus is, the more it must be changed to create a just-noticeable difference.

Visible light consists of wavelengths of approximately

a) 100-550 nanometers.

b) 200-650 nanometers.

c) 300-750 nanometers.

d) 400-850 nanometers.

e) 500-950 nanometers.

c) 300-750 nanometers.

Which color of the spectrum has the shortest wavelength?

a) Violet

b) Red

c) Yellow

d) Indigo

e) Green

a) Violet

When you scratch your eye, the part that is actually scratched is the

a) pupil.

b) iris.

c) lens.

d) fovea.

e) cornea.

e) cornea.

The muscle that regulates the amount of light entering the eye is the

a) lens.

b) cornea.

c) pupil.

d) iris.

e) fovea.

d) iris.

Dr. Rhoden conducts animal experiments on visual perception. Rhoden wants to stop the animal's pupil from changing size, so he paralyzes the

a) cornea.

b) iris.

c) lens.

d) retina.

e) pupil.

b) iris.

Which part of your eye gives your eye its color?

a) The cornea

b) The iris

c) The pupil

d) The fovea

e) The retina

b) The iris

Which of the following describes the pupil?

a) An opening through which light enters the eye

b) A part of the eye that adjusts its shape to view objects at varying distances

c) A transparent covering at the front of the eye

d) A part of the eye that contains the photoreceptors

e) A structure responsible for peripheral vision

a) An opening through which light enters the eye

The part of the eye that changes shape to adjust for an object's distance is the

a) lens.

b) pupil.

c) cornea.

d) retina.

e) iris.

a) lens.

The photoreceptors, or sensory cells, of the human eye are located in the

a) iris.

b) lens.

c) cornea.

d) pupil.

e) retina.

e) retina.

Only rods allow us to see

a) in dim light.

b) colors.

c) fine detail.

d) under bright illumination.

e) moving objects.

a) in dim light.

In vision, the sensory receptors are called

a) ganglion cells.

b) hair-cell receptors.

c) bipolar cells.

d) optic nerves.

e) rods and cones.

e) rods and cones.

The ratio of rods to cones is approximately

a) 10 to 1.

b) 1 to 10.

c) 20 to 1.

d) 1 to 20.

e) 1 to 1.

c) 20 to 1.

Which of the following is true of cones?

a) They are responsible for peripheral vision.

b) They are more sensitive to light than are rods.

c) They provide detailed vision.

d) They function in dim light.

e) They allow some animals, such as bats, to see at night.

c) They provide detailed vision.

Since they can see only during the daylight, some birds must return to roost as darkness approaches. This is because their eyes contain

a) cones, but no rods.

b) rods, but no cones.

c) inefficient cones.

d) inefficient rods.

e) no rods or cones

a) cones, but no rods.

To see a dimly lit object at night, the image must fall on your

a) fovea.

b) blind spot.

c) cones.

d) rods.

e) optic nerve.

d) rods.

The nerve cells in the back of the eye that transmit neural impulses in response to chemical changes in the rods and cones are

a) bipolar cells.

b) optic cells.

c) foveal cells.

d) retinal cells.

e) ganglion cells.

e) ganglion cells.

The optic nerve is made up of the ________ of the ________ cells.

a) axons; bipolar

b) dendrites; bipolar

c) axons; ganglion

d) dendrites; ganglion

e) dendrites; optic

c) axons; ganglion

The optic nerve transmits information to the visual cortex in the brain via the

a) basal ganglia.

b) thalamus.

c) hypothalamus.

d) hippocampus.

e) amygdala.

b) thalamus.

What is true about the blind spot?

a) It contains rods but not cones.

b) It contains cones but not rods.

c) It contains both rods and cones.

d) It's the part of the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye.

e) It's the part of the retina where light is converted into neural signals.

d) It's the part of the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye.

For the sharpest vision, the image of an object should be focused on the

a) fovea.

b) blind spot.

c) optic chiasm.

d) optic nerve.

e) retina.

a) fovea.

Who won the Nobel Prize for discovering that the visual cortex contains nerve cells that respond only when an animal is shown a line with a particular orientation?

a) Ewald Hering

b) Hermann von Helmholtz and Thomas Young

c) Ernst Weber

d) Gustav Theodor Fechner

e) David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel

e) David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel

Neurons that respond to specific characteristics of the visual stimulus are called

a) photoreceptors.

b) ganglion cells.

c) bipolar cells.

d) optic neurons.

e) feature detectors.

e) feature detectors.

The role of feature detectors is to

a) respond to specific objects such as a house.

b) detect color stimuli.

c) detect black and white stimuli.

d) respond to very simple stimuli such as a horizontal line.

e) regulate the size of the pupil.

d) respond to very simple stimuli such as a horizontal line.

Trichromatic theory suggests that

a) the retina has one type of color receptor that responds differently to each color.

b) the retina has two types of color receptors that respond in a different manner for each color.

c) the retina has three types of color receptors—red, green, and blue-violet.

d) color results from opposing processes involving three sets of color receptors, red-green, blue-yellow, and black-white.

e) color vision is a function of brain activity.

c) the retina has three types of color receptors—red, green, and blue-violet.

Red, green, and blue-violet light can be combined to create any color of the spectrum. This has been interpreted as supporting

a) trichromatic theory of color vision.

b) opponent-process theory of color vision.

c) feature detection theory of color vision.

d) color constancy theory of color vision.

e) the existence of afterimages.

a) trichromatic theory of color vision.

In color vision, blue-violet cones are most sensitive to ________ wavelengths, red cones to ________ wavelengths, and green cones to ________ wavelengths.

a) short; middle; long

b) short; long; middle

c) long; short; middle

d) long; middle; short

e) middle; short; long

b) short; long; middle

An object that reflects primarily long-wavelength light would most stimulate which category of cone?

a) blue-violet

b) green

c) red

d) yellow

e) black-white

c) red

Regarding the theories of color vision, which of the following is true?

a) Trichromatic theory is supported by the behavior of cells lying between the cones and the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex.

b) Opponent-process theory is supported at the receptor level.

c) Most authorities today suggest that color vision includes elements of both trichromatic and opponent-process theories.

d) Trichromatic theory is based on Hering's work with afterimages.

e) Opponent-process theory suggests that the eyes have four types of color receptors.

c) Most authorities today suggest that color vision includes elements of both trichromatic and opponent-process theories.

Alice has the job of lighting director for the school play. She wants the Cowardly Lion to be bathed in yellow light. In front of her is a console with three buttons: red, blue, and green. Which ones would give her yellow light?

a) Blue and red

b) Blue and green

c) Red, blue, and green

d) Red and green

e) No combination of any of the three

d) Red and green

Negative afterimages provide support for which theory of color vision?

a) Trichromatic theory

b) Feature detection theory

c) Color constancy theory

d) D. Young-Helmholtz theory

e) Opponent-process theory

e) Opponent-process theory

Regarding colorblindness, which of the following statements is true?

a) More women than men suffer from red-green color-blindness.

b) Blue-yellow colorblindness is more common than red-green colorblindness.

c) People who are dichromats can perceive the world only in shades of gray.

d) About one in every forty thousand people is completely colorblind.

e) Red-green colorblindness appears to be carried on the Y chromosome.

d) About one in every forty thousand people is completely colorblind.

What is the most common form of colorblindness?

a) Blue-green

b) Red-yellow

c) Red-green

d) Blue-yellow

e) Blue-red

c) Red-green

People who see only in black and white are called

a) monochromats.

b) dichromats.

c) trichromats.

d) unichromats.

e) partially colorblind.

a) monochromats.

Describe how the eyes process light.

Light enters the eye through the cornea, the transparent covering of the eye's surface. From there, it passes through the pupil, a small opening in the iris. The iris, which is the colored part of the eye, is a muscle that dilates or contracts the pupil to regulate the amount of light that enters. In dark conditions, the iris allows more light, and in bright conditions, it allows less. Behind the pupil is a lens that focuses the incoming light rays onto the retina, a light-sensitive surface that contains the receptors for light, the rods and the cones. The receptors convert the light energy into neural impulses that activate neighboring bipolar cells. These, in turn, activate adjacent ganglion cells, whose axons form the optic nerve, via which information is sent to the thalamus in the brain. From there it is relayed to the visual cortex that processes visual information and enables us to experience sight.

Summarize the two major theories of color vision.

The trichromatic theory suggests that our retinas contain three different types of cones. Each type is maximally sensitive to a particular wavelength of light. One type responds best to short wavelengths (blue-violet), another type responds best to medium wavelengths (green), and the third type responds best to long wavelengths (red). Our color experience is a function of how a particular light stimulates the various types of cones. The opponent-process theory suggests that pairs of opposing processes are responsible for color vision. One process is stimulated by green and inhibited by red. Another process is stimulated by blue and inhibited by yellow. A final process is excited by white and inhibited by black. Both theories explain different parts of vision.

Kim wrote a term paper about the sense of hearing. She might have titled her paper

a) All About Audition

b) Knowing Everything There Is to Know About Kinesthesis

c) Valuing the Vestibular Sense

d) Facts of Olfaction.

e) Thinking About Telepathy

a) All About Audition

Which physical property of a sound wave is represented by its height?

a) Pitch

b) Frequency

c) Timbre

d) Audition

e) Amplitude

e) Amplitude

Rebecca tells Tom that he is singing "off pitch." Rebecca is referring to which physical property of sound?

a) Amplitude

b) Frequency

c) Loudness

d) Speed

e) Decibel

b) Frequency

Humans can hear frequencies between

a) 100,000 and 200,000 cycles per second.

b) 50,000 and 100,000 cycles per second.

c) 20,000 and 50,000 cycles per second.

d) 20 and 20,000 cycles per second.

e) 1 and 20 cycles per second.

d) 20 and 20,000 cycles per second.

Which of the following statements is true about sound waves?

a) Sound waves travel faster than light waves.

b) The frequency of sound waves determines their perceived loudness.

c) Humans hear by sensing sound waves that result from changes in the pressure of air or water.

d) Pitch, the perception of how high or low a sound seems, corresponds to the amplitude of the sound wave.

e) Sound waves can travel through the empty reaches of outer space.

c) Humans hear by sensing sound waves that result from changes in the pressure of air or water.

In sound waves, height of the wave is to ________ as number of complete waves is to ________.

a) pitch; frequency

b) frequency; pitch

c) amplitude; decibel

d) decibel; amplitude

e) amplitude; frequency

a) pitch; frequency

Women's voices are generally higher than men's voices because their vocal cords tend to be ________ and to vibrate ________.

a) shorter; more slowly.

b) longer; faster.

c) longer; more slowly.

d) shorter; faster.

e) thinner; more slowly.

d) shorter; faster.

In what order do the ossicles vibrate during hearing?

a) Anvil, hammer, stirrup

b) Stirrup, hammer, anvil

c) Stirrup, anvil, hammer

d) Hammer, stirrup, anvil

e) Hammer, anvil, stirrup

e) Hammer, anvil, stirrup

Which of the following best describes the organ of Corti?

a) An auditory receptor that transforms vibration of sound waves into neural impulses

b) A gelatinous structure in the cochlea that contains the auditory receptors

c) A sheet of connective tissue separating the outer ear from the middle ear

d) A shell-shaped organ in the inner ear that contains sensory receptors for hearing

e) A collection of tiny bones in the middle ear that vibrate in response to vibrations from the eardrum

b) A gelatinous structure in the cochlea that contains the auditory receptors

The brain can detect differences in arrival times to the ears of as little as

a) 1 second.

b) 1/10 of a second.

c) 1/100 of a second.

d) 1/1,000 of a second.

e) 1/10,000 of a second.

e) 1/10,000 of a second.

The belief that the experience of pitch is related to alternate firing of groups of neurons along the basilar membrane is known as

a) the volley principle.

b) place theory.

c) gate-control theory.

d) frequency theory.

e) the succession principle.

a) the volley principle.

The basis of the place theory of pitch detection is that pitch is determined by the place that vibrates the most along the

a) eardrum.

b) basilar membrane.

c) oval window.

d) auditory nerve.

e) ossicles.

b) basilar membrane.

High-frequency sounds cause the greatest vibration of

a) hair cells in the middle of the basilar membrane.

b) hair cells nearest the oval window.

c) hair cells nearest the auditory nerve.

d) hair cells farthest down the basilar membrane from the oval window.

e) the membrane of the eardrum.

b) hair cells nearest the oval window.

Which theory of pitch is used to account for the perception of sounds between 1,000 and 4,000 cycles per second?

a) Place theory

b) Trichromatic theory

c) Frequency theory

d) Opponent-process theory

e) Volley principle

e) Volley principle

Place theory and frequency theory explain how we detect ________ pitches, and volley principle explains how we detect ________ pitches.

a) mid-range; high and low

b) high and low; mid-range

c) mid-range and high; low

d) mid-range and low; high

e) low; mid-range and high

b) high and low; mid-range

Approximately ________ Americans have hearing problems, and approximately ________ are deaf.

a) 2 million; 100,000

b) 5 million; 200,000

c) 10 million; 1 million

d) 30 million; 2 million

e) 50 million; 5 million

d) 30 million; 2 million

Sound from which of the following should produce the most danger to hearing upon brief exposure?

a) A ringing telephone

b) A jet airplane

c) A lawn mower

d) A jack hammer

e) Headphones

b) A jet airplane

The loudness of normal conversation is about how many decibels?

a) 25

b) 50

c) 75

d) 100

e) 125

b) 50

Marlee's right eardrum was punctured in an accident when she was three years old. She is deaf in her right eardrum but is helped with a hearing aid that amplifies sound waves. What type of deafness does Marlee have?

a) Nerve

b) Continuity

c) Closure

d) Subliminal

e) Conduction

e) Conduction

Conduction deafness is to ________ as nerve deafness is to ________.

a) outer ear; inner ear

b) inner ear; outer ear

c) middle ear; inner ear

d) inner ear; middle ear

e) middle ear; outer ear

c) middle ear; inner ear

Regarding hearing loss, which of the following is true?

a) Cochlear implants can help correct damage to the auditory nerve.

b) Permanent hearing loss results from prolonged exposure to sounds of at least 60 decibels.

c) People with conduction deafness cannot benefit from hearing aids.

d) Hearing loss in later life is inevitable.

e) Most hearing loss in later life is the result of years of abuse from loud music and noise.

e) Most hearing loss in later life is the result of years of abuse from loud music and noise.

Summarize the three major theories of pitch perception.

Place theory suggests that sounds of different frequency maximally stimulate different locations on the basilar membrane. For example, high-frequency sounds cause the most stimulation close to the oval window. Lower-pitched sounds cause greatest vibration farther down the basilar membrane. However, this localization holds only for sounds above 4,000 cycles per second. For sounds between 20 and 1,000 cycles per second, the basilar membrane vibrates at the same frequency as the sound wave, and, ultimately, neurons in the auditory nerve fire at the same frequency. This is referred to as frequency theory. Since neurons can fire only at 1,000 times per second, frequencies between 1,000 and 4,000 cycles per second require a volley principle in which groups of neurons fire in alternating succession to match the frequency of the sound.

Which of the following are the chemical senses?

a) Touch and smell

b) Touch and taste

c) Touch, taste, and kinesthesis

d) Taste, smell, and kinesthesis

e) Taste and smell

e) Taste and smell

Olfaction refers to the sense of

a) taste.

b) touch.

c) seeing.

d) hearing.

e) smell.

e) smell.

Which of the following statements is true about olfaction?

a) Human nasal passageways contain about 1,000 odor receptors.

b) Human odor receptors are capable of sensing about 1,000,000 different substances.

c) All odor molecules have the same shape.

d) Smell is the only sense in which sensory information does not go through the thalamus on its way to the cerebral cortex.

e) The intensity of an odor depends on the size of a substance's odor molecules.

d) Smell is the only sense in which sensory information does not go through the thalamus on its way to the cerebral cortex.

All of the following senses go through the thalamus on the way to the cortex EXCEPT

a) vision.

b) smell.

c) hearing.

d) taste.

e) touch.

b) smell.

Which sense has connections with several structures in the limbic system and is especially effective at stimulating emotional memories?

a) Smell

b) Taste

c) Hearing

d) Vision

e) Touch

a) Smell

Which of the following is(are) responsible for carrying impulses from the odor receptors in the nose to the brain?

a) Olfactory bulb

b) Olfactory nerve

c) Taste buds

d) Pheromones

e) Vestibular organ

b) Olfactory nerve

Renee is smelling a rose. Its odor's chemical molecules lock into the odor receptors in Renee's nose. The resulting neural impulses then follow which path?

a) Olfactory bulb to olfactory nerve to olfactory cortex in the parietal lobe

b) Olfactory nerve to olfactory bulb to olfactory cortex in the temporal lobe

c) Olfactory nerve to thalamus to olfactory cortex in the temporal lobe

d) Olfactory nerve to olfactory bulb to olfactory cortex in the occipital lobe

e) Olfactory nerve to olfactory cortex to olfactory bulb in the occipital lobe

b) Olfactory nerve to olfactory bulb to olfactory cortex in the temporal lobe

Various species emit chemical substances that play important roles in many behaviors. These substances are called

a) hormones.

b) pheromones.

c) neurotransmitters.

d) perfumes.

e) olfactions.

b) pheromones.

Which of the following is true about pheromones?

a) Pheromones are human sexual hormones.

b) Humans lack the receptors needed to sense pheromones.

c) Pheromones are not associated with sexual behavior in animals.

d) Scientists have found that pheromones influence sexual attraction in humans.

e) The role of pheromones in human sexual behavior remains unclear.

e) The role of pheromones in human sexual behavior remains unclear.

In studies cited in the text, when women were exposed to male sweat, what were the findings?

a) Some complained of nausea; others became sexually aroused.

b) Some felt relaxed; others complained of nausea.

c) Some felt relaxed; others became sexually aroused.

d) All became nauseated.

e) All became sexually aroused.

c) Some felt relaxed; others became sexually aroused.

All of the following are basic tastes EXCEPT

a) sweet.

b) salty.

c) sour.

d) savory.

e) bitter.

d) savory.

The taste receptors are called

a) taste cells.

b) taste buds.

c) gustatory nerves.

d) taste nodes.

e) gustatory nodes.

a) taste cells.

Receptor cells for which sense regenerate within a week to ten days?

a) Vision

b) Audition

c) Taste

d) Touch

e) Olfaction

c) Taste

Regarding the sense of taste, which of the following statements is true?

a) People without tongues are unable to sense taste.

b) The receptors for taste are located mostly on the tongue.

c) When taste receptors are "killed off" by hot foods, they remain inactive.

d) Genetic factors do not play a large role in either taste sensitivity or taste preferences.

e) Pigs are unable to taste sweetness, whereas cats are able to do so.

b) The receptors for taste are located mostly on the tongue.

Compared to people with average taste sensitivity, people who are "supertasters" have

a) different types of taste buds.

b) more sensitive taste buds.

c) a very dense network of taste buds.

d) bigger taste buds.

e) fewer specialized taste buds.

c) a very dense network of taste buds.

Approximately what percent of people are "supertasters"?

a) 5 percent

b) 10 percent

c) 25 percent

d) 40 percent

e) 50 percent

c) 25 percent

Other factors being equal, which person is most likely to be a "supertaster"?

a) Yuan, an Asian man

b) Yuna, an Asian woman

c) Lenny, a European-American man

d) Betty, a European-American woman

e) Gaspar, a Hispanic-American man

b) Yuna, an Asian woman

Which of the following statements is true about the skin senses?

a) Sensations for hotness are produced by stimulation of specialized receptors for heat.

b) All skin receptors can respond to more than one type of stimulation.

c) There are about ten thousand receptors for touch and pressure distributed throughout the body.

d) Sensory information is transmitted from the spinal cord to the somatosensory cortex.

e) All receptors for pain are located in the skin.

d) Sensory information is transmitted from the spinal cord to the somatosensory cortex.

Receptors for which of the following are located deepest in the skin?

a) Hot

b) Cold

c) Pain

d) Light touch

e) Pressure

e) Pressure