Water Supply Plumbing Devices

Plumbing Fixtures

Installed receptacles, devices or appliances supplied with water or receive liquid or liquid-borne wastes and discharge such wastes into the drainage system to which they may be directly or indirectly connected.

Wash Down

The least expensive.

Small amount of standing water.

Susceptible to staining.

Reverse Trap

Trapway at the rear.

More desirable than washdown.

Siphon Jet

Jet is submerged so flushing is quiet.

Efficient but expensive.

Siphon Vortex

Flush is swirling action which forms a vortex.

Most efficient but most expensive.

Wall Hung Siphon Jet

A toilet bowl mounted on the wall, paired with a siphon jet flushing system for powerful and efficient waste removal.

Low Profile Siphon Action

A compact toilet design that uses a siphonic flushing mechanism to efficiently remove waste, but with a shorter and sleeker cistern (tank), making it suitable for limited spaces and modern aesthetics.

One-piece

Bowl and flush tank is combined.

One-piece

Close Coupled

Flush tank is separate but is attached to the bowl. Most common.

Close Coupled

Pail Flush

No flush tank. Flushing is done by means of dumping a bucket of water.

Pail Flush

Squat Bowl

“Easter” type since this is common in Asia. User assumes a squatting position.

Squat Bowl

Flush Tank

Common in private buildings like Residences. This holds the water for flushing.

Flush Valve

Uses a “flushometer” for flashing. Common in public buildings where there is a high turnover in toilet usage.

Flush Valve

Floor Mounted

The water closet rests on the floor.

Wall Hung

A support metal bracket is hidden behind the wall.

Wall Hung Urinal

Most common type of urinal.

Pedestal Urinal

A floor-mounted type of urinal that is supported by a base resting directly on the floor.

Pedestal Urinal

Stall Urinal

A type of urinal supported by flange or floor.

Half Stall, Full Stall

Two types of Stall Urinals.

Half Stall Urinal

Urinal supported by flange.

Full Stall Urinal

Urinal supported by floor.

Trough Urinal

Long steel communal basins frequently installed in male toilet rooms where a need for multiple users exists.

Trough Urinal

Under Counter Lavatory

Trough Urinal

Free Standing Bathtub

Built-in Bathtub

Standalone Bidet

Separate fixture, usually beside the water closet.

Europe

Standalone bidets originated in ____________.

Seat Bidets

It is built onto the seat cover of a water closet.

Handheld

Most common type used in the Philippines. Installed on the wall near the water closet.

Standalone Bidet

Plumbing Appliance

Device or equipment intended to perform a special plumbing function.

Plumbing Appurtenance

A manufactured device that serves as adjunct to the basic piping system and plumbing fixtures.

Water Meter, Tanks, Pumps, Pressure Reducing Valve

Example of plumbing appurtenance.

Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride

uPVC

Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride

cPVC

Polypropylene Random Copolymer

PPR

High-Density Polyethylene

HPDE

uPVC

Most commonly used for cold water supply lines. It is made rigid by the omission of plasticizers.

cPVC

Can withstand higher temperatures than the standard uPVC.

93 degrees

cPVC can withstand hot water up to _____ degrees Celsius.

PPR

Widely used in high pressure cold and hot water plumbing and water supply systems, which ensures the plumbings to have a perfect seal tight system.

70 degrees

PPR can withstand hot water up to _____ degrees Celsius.

HPDE

Suitable for high pressure pipelines and industrial applications. It is strong, expensive, difficult to bond, and more complicated to join.

Type K

Heaviest and thickest. Suitable for underground and main water lines.

Type L

Lighter and thinner than Type K. Most used in residential water supplies.

Type M

Thinnest and lightest, designed only for small water supply lines.

Copper

Excellent pipe for hot water lines but costs 10 to 15 times than plastic pipes.

Galvanization

The process of coating iron or steel in Zinc to make them corrosion resistant and rust free.

GI

It is cheap, UV and impact resistant but heavy, labor intensive and may rust if not galvanized properly. Also unsuitable for hot water.

Nipple

A short piece of pipe, threaded on the outside at both ends, used to join couplings or other fittings.

Nipple

Coupling

A short piece internally threaded at both ends and used to connect two pipes in a straight line.

Male Thread

Threaded on the outside.

Female Thread

Threaded on the inside.

Coupling

Elbow

A pipe fitting having a bend and makes an angle between adjacent pipes for a change in direction.

90 degree elbow

Reducing Elbow

Joins two pipes of different diameters at right angle of each other.

Reducing Elbow

Street Elbow

A pipe fitting having a 45-degree or 90-degree bend with an inside thread on one end and an outside thread on the other hand.

Street Ell

Street Elbow is also known as ________.

Street Elbow

Tee

A T-shaped pipe fitting that joins 3 or 4 pipes at perpendicular directions.

Straight Tee

Reducing Tee

Straight Cross Tee

Reducing Cross Tee

Reducer

A pipe coupling with inside threads, having one end with a smaller diameter than the other and used for connecting pipes of different size.

Reducer

Bushing

A pipe fitting which is threaded on both the inside and the outside and used to reduce the size of the pipe opening to receive a pipe or fitting of a different size.

Bushing

Plug

It is used to close an opening in a fitting.

Plug

Cap

It is used to close an end of a pipe.

Cap

Cap

Union

A three-piece pipe fitting used to connect the ends of two pipes, neither of which can be turned. It is also used on pipes that are to be taken down occasionally.

Union

Flange

A ring-shaped plate screwed on the end of a pipe and provided with holes for bolts to allow joining the pipe to a similarly equipped adjoining pipe.

Flange

Valves

These are appurtenances used to regulate, direct, stop, and control the flow of fluids.

Gate Valve

A valve in which the flow of water is cut off by means of a circular disc fitted against machine-smoothed faces are right angled to the direction of flow.

Gate Valve

Globe Valve

A valve in which the flow of fluid is cut off by means of a circular disc that fits against the horizontal valve seat.

Globe Valve

Ball Valve

A spherical-shaped gate valve providing very tight shut off.

Ball Valve

Check Valve

A valve that automatically close to prevent tthe flow of liquid or gas in a reverse direction.

Check Valve

Angle Valve

A device, usually of the globe type, in which the inlet and outlet are at right angles.

Float Valve

An automatic valve whose opening and closing are controlled by a float at the end of a lever. it is often used in water tanks.

Angle Valve