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what is distance?
distance is how far an object has moved, it is a scalar quantity and does not involve direction
what is displacement?
displacement is a vector quantity that measures the distance and direction in a straight line from an object's starting point to its finishing point
if you walk 5 m north then 5 m south, what are the distance and displacement?
the distance travelled is 10 m, but the displacement is 0 m
what is speed?
speed is how fast an object is moving without considering direction, it is a scalar quantity
what is velocity?
velocity is speed in a given direction, it is a vector quantity
why can an object have a constant speed but changing velocity?
if an object changes direction while moving at the same speed, its velocity changes because velocity depends on direction
give an example of an object with constant speed but changing velocity
a car moving around a roundabout at a steady speed has a constantly changing velocity because its direction is always changing
what is the formula for speed?
speed = distance ÷ time (s = d ÷ t)
why do objects rarely travel at a constant speed?
factors like walking, running, or driving cause speed to change constantly
what does the formula for speed give when speed is not constant?
it gives the average (mean) speed during that time
what is the typical walking speed of a person?
1.5 m/s
what is the typical running speed of a person?
3 m/s
what is the typical cycling speed of a person?
6 m/s
what is the typical speed of a car?
25 m/s
what is the typical speed of a train?
55 m/s
what is the typical speed of a plane?
250 m/s
what factors affect a person’s walking, running, or cycling speed?
fitness, age, distance travelled, terrain, and other factors
what is the speed of sound in air?
330 m/s
what affects the speed of sound?
the material the sound waves are travelling through
what factors affect wind speed?
temperature, atmospheric pressure, and obstacles like buildings or forests
