TOA: Architects, Philosophies, Buildings

RIVERSIDE

Frederick Law Olmstead

Standard City grid, creating a series of curvilinear streets - a pattern that resulted in dozens of tiny rectangular mini parks

PETER BEHRENS

AEG Turbine Factory

WALTER GROPIUS

Bauhus

FAGUS SHOE FACTORY

Inspired by Behren’s AEG Turbine Factory

WERKBUND HOUSING EXHIBITION

Exhibition of the best in housing design in Avante-Garde

LUDWIG MIES VAN DER ROHE

Barcelona Pavillion

LUDWIG MIES VAN DER ROHE

Less is More

LE CORBUSIER

Captivated by the sharpness of forms under the crisp of Mediterranean sunlight

LE CORBUSIER

The house is a machine for living in

CASS GILBERT

One of the first “Celebrity” American architects

CASS GILBERT

Woolworth building

WOOLWORTH BUILDING

tallest building in the world from 1913-1929

CASS GILBERT

Well known for his design of public and government buildings in the US

AUGUSTE PERRET

Main interest as the structure of buildings and the use of new materials such as concrete

CHURH OF NOTRE-DAME DU RAINCY

Auguste Perret

Monument to modernism and the use of concrete

PALAIS D’LENA

Classical monument in reinforced concrete with a modern design

LOUIS SULLIVAN

Rejected borrowing Classical Greek and Roman Elements

Strongly advocated for the development of uniquely American and architectural forms

CARSON, PIRIE, SCOTT AND COMPANY STORE

Steel framed structure

Increase in window area

ADOLF LOOS

Developed the Raumplan

FROEBEL GIFTS

educational play materials for young children that inspired FLW

SOLOMON R. GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM

Organic style built in urban setting

INVERTED ZIGGURAT

Concept of FLW for Guggenheim’s staircase

PYREX GLASS

Material used in Johnson Wax HQ

ALVAR AALTO

Fond of curves

pioneered bent plywood furniture

LINGOTTO FACTORY

first futurist invention in architecture

ANTONIO SANT’ELIA

Remembered for his bold sketches and influence on modern architecture

SQUADRA RIALZO BUILDING

the greatest masterpiece of Futurist Constructivist Modernist Architecture

CIAM

Association who wants to advance modernism into an international setting

KENZO TANGE

Won the competition for Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park

HPMP MAIN BUILDING

first post war architectural structure which was highly appraised internationally

KISHO KUROKAWA

Nakagin Capsule Tower

KIYINORI KIKUTAKE

Best known for Marine City

MARINE CITY

Floating structure and the linear ocean city

GUILD HOUSE

a conscious rejection of modernist ideals

TEAM DISNEY BUILDING

front facade is a postmodern interpretation of Parthenon

M2 BUILDING

chaotic mix of fragments

MINETTE DE SILVA

Contribution to Regional modernism for the tropics, 1st sri lankan woman architect

PETER BEHRENS

Central figure of Jugenstil in Munich, Germany

PETER BEHRENS

Founder of Deutsche Werkbund

Elevated a factory to the higher realm of architecture

WALTER GROPIUS

Bauhus

Architect with no background in drawing

LUDWIG MIES VAN DER ROHE

Agent of the taste of age

CHARLES EDOUARD JENNERET

Le Corbusier

LOUIS SULLIVAN

Father of Modernism

LOUIS SULLIVAN

Form follows function

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

“The making of a good building, the harmonious building, one adapted to its purposes ad to life, [is] a blessing to life and a gracious element added to life, is a great moral performance.”

ADOLF LOOS

Ornament is a crime

CASS GILBERT

Architecture should reflect historic traditions

AUGUSTE PERRET

Use of concrete

ALVAR AALTO

His career is characterized by a concern for design as Gesamtkunstwerk—a total work of art (exterior and interior have to be unified)

ALVAR AALTO

The building itself a contributor to the healing process

KENZO TANGE

Combined traditional Japanese styles with modernism

ROBERT VENTURI

Less is Bore

DENISH SCOTT-BROWN

Form, forces, and function determine and help define the environment

MICHAEL GRAVES

Famous for playful style and colorful facades

KENNETH FRAMPTON

Towards a Critical Regionalism: Six Points for an Architecture of Resistance

GLENN MURCUTT

Analyzed and interpreted the key elements of Australian vernacular architecture

BALKRISHNA DOSHI

Contributes to the evolution of architectural discourse in India

Louis Kahn

“Architecture is what nature cannot make.”

Cyril M. Harris

“The art and science of designing and building structures, or large groups of structures, in keeping with aesthetic and functional criteria.”

Vitruvius

“Architecture is utility, firmness, and delight.” (utilitas, firmitas, and venustas)

Louis Kahn

“Architecture is always related to power and related to large interests, whether financial or political.”

Richard Meier

"Architecture is vital and enduring because it contains us; it describes space, space we move through, exit in and use."

Norman Foster

"Architecture is an expression of values – the way we build is a reflection of the way we live."

Michel Foucault

“Theory too, is practice”

Louis Khan

“served” and “Servant” “Space”

Francisco Manosa

He explores the use of indigenous materials infused with current technological trends to bring a new dimension to design.

Santiago Calatrava

Merge the boundaries between engineering and architecture, art and function

Kenzo Tange

The role of tradition is that of a catalyst, which furthers a chemical reaction, but is no longer detectable in the end result. Tradition can, to be sure, participate in a creation, but it can no longer be creative itself.

Leandro Locsin

Ninoy Aquino International Airport Terminal I

Eero Saarinen

Function influence but does not dictate form.

Neo-Futurism

Burj-Khalifa

Kenzo Tange

Metabolism

Frank Lloyd Wright

Organic - the whole is to the part as the part is to the whole, the nature of the materials; its purpose; its entire performance becomes clear as a necessity

Leonardo Da Vinci

The Vitruvian Man

Zaha Hadid

Deconstructivism

Victor Horta or Baron Horta

Belgian Architect and design who founded the Art Nouveau movement and build the first Art Nouveau building, the Tassle House.

Maison & Atelier Horta (Brussels, Belgium)

House and studio built by Victor Horta for himself in 1898

Antoni Gaudi

Father of Modernism in Barcelona, Spain

Park Guell

This is where Gaudi occupied one of the houses he built, where he lived and moved. It serves as a showroom. Originally, it was designed to contain 60 villas, but it was never completed.

Walter Gropius

Set up own practice with Adolf Meyer

Worked in Peter Behrens’ Office

Walter Gropius, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Le Corbusier

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

Architecture being an expression of technical power

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

Lakeshore Apartments

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

White House Estate

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

Create form out of the nature of the task, with the means of our time

Louis Sullivan

The Auditorium

Louis Sullivan

Wainwright Building

Louis Sullivan

Chicago Stock Exchange Building

Louis Sullivan

Guaranty Building

Frank Lloyd Wright

We have primarily the new ideal of a building as organic. A buikding shoukd be as dignified as a tree in the midst of nature

Frank Lloyd Wright

Johnson Wax Headquarters Building

Johnson Wax Headquarters Building

Uses pyrex glass tubing that radiates natural light inside

Adolf Loos

Steiner house

Adolf Loos

Villa Müller

Cass Gilbert

Pioneered cladding a steel frame

Cass Gilbert

U.S. Supreme Court Building

Cass Gilbert

Minnesota State Capital Building

Cass Gilbert

Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House

Auguste Peret

Rue Franklin Apartment Building

Auguste Peret

Conseil Economique Social et Environnemental