Cardiovascular system heart + blood vessels

cardiac output = _________ _________ times ____________ _________

stroke volume times heart rate

chronotropic agents change _________ ________

heart rate

inotropic agents change _________ ___________

stroke volume

do males or females have a higher CO?

females

bradycardia is a _________ HR, and has below _____ bpm

slow, 60

tachycardia is a __________ HR, and has above _______ bpm

fast, 100

frank starlings law states that as more blood fills the ventricles, the _____ of contraction will increase because of optimal overlapping of thick + thin ________________

force; filaments

the heart contracts more forcefully when filled with more ___________

blood

arteries transport blood from __________ to ________________

heart to capillaries

capillaries and veins exchange substances between blood and _________

tissues

veins transport blood from __________ to ___________

capillaries to heart

blood vessels are made up of _____ tunics

3

tunica intima is made of _______ ___________ epithelium

simple squamous

the tunica media is made up of _______ __________

smooth muscle

the tunica externa is made up of ___________ CT and is most superficial

areolar

the vasa vasorum supply large __________

vessels

there are three types of arteries:

elastic, muscular, arterioles

which is the largest kind of artery?

elastic

capillaries are the smallest kind of blood vessel and are found in ___________ ______

capillary beds

the three types of capillaries are called

cotinuous, fenestrated, and sinusoidal

the most premeble is the _______________ capillary

sinusoidal

the least permeable is the _____________ capillary

continuous

more blood is stored in _________ than ____________ and ________

veins, than capillaries and arteries

at rest _____% of blood is in systemic circulation, and 55% of that is in systemic _____

70%; veins

arterial anastomosis

2 arteries converge

venous anastomosis

2 veins drain the same region

arteriovenous anastomosis

transports blood from artery to vein

when blood passes through 2 capillary bed before returning to heart this is called a _____ __________

portal system

blood moves __________ in larger diameter vessels

faster

the smooth muscles of our blood vessels are always in a state of partial _____________ which is known as _____________ ______

contraction; vascular tone

vascular tone is regulated by the ____________ system, local ________ control, and ____________

nervous; tissue; hormones

hydrostatic pressure is the pressure of the _________ on either side of the vessel

fluid

colloid osmotic pressure is the __________ _______ due to osmosis

pulling pressure

when HP > OP, it favors fluid movement _________

OUT

when OP > HP, it favors fluid movement ______

IN

on the arterial end of a capillary bed, the HP is ____ than the OP

greater

the net filtration pressure is the difference between _____ and ____

HP and OP

blood pressure is measured as ___________ pressure / _________ presure

systolic/diastolic

pulse pressure is the difference between _______ pressure and ______ pressure

systolic and diastolic

the mean arterial pressure is the ______ pressure plus 1/3 of the ______ pressure

diastolic; pulse

as muscle contracts, veins are __________ squeezed