Salt Prep - Acids and Bases

Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry

describe the method for titration

Soluble acid + soluble base → soluble salt + water

1. fill a pipette with a known volume of acid and transfer to a conical flask
2. fill burette and record initial volume
3. add indicator to conical flask
4. add from burette to conical flask
5. watch for colour change
6. record final volume
7. repeat until you have concordant results
8. repeat with concordant volume without indicator
9. evaporate off water

name the equipment needed for titration

• volumetric pipette
• burette
• conical flask
• indicator (methyl orange, phenolphthalein, bromomethyl blue)

describe the method for preparing a salt by precipitation

soluble acid + soluble base → insoluble salt

1. mix two solutions in a beaker

2. place a piece of folded filter paper into a funnel and filter the mixture to separate

   1. liquid into conical flask
   2. precipitate remains in filter paper

3. wash residual reactant/residue with distilled water

4. leave to dry in an oven

name the equipment needed for precipitation

• beaker
• filter
• filter paper
• conical flask
• drying oven

describe the method for preparing a salt by neutralisation

soluble acid + insoluble base (excess) → soluble

1. add an excess of base to the acid
2. warm and wait for the reaction to finish
3. filter excess from solution
4. evaporate off the water