Nietzsche & Marx Flashcard Set

A comprehensive flashcard set covering key concepts from Nietzsche and Marx, focusing on their philosophies and critiques.

Rights of Man (Marx)

Individualistic rights that protect private property rather than liberating people.

Species-being (Marx)

A being conscious of itself as part of a broader human community, capable of free, creative activity.

Worker Alienation (Marx)

The disconnect where the product of labor belongs to the capitalist, not the worker.

Mechanical Work (Marx)

Work that is forced and cuts the worker off from his natural creative essence.

Wage Increase (Marx)

Raising wages doesn't solve wage labor issues because it maintains the exploitative system.

Material Conditions (Marx)

These determine the structure of society and human consciousness.

Life Determines Consciousness (Marx)

Ideas arise from real material conditions, not the other way around.

Purpose of Revolutions (Marx)

To replace one ruling class with another until a classless society is achieved.

Ruling Ideas (Marx)

Ideas of the ruling class, controlling mental and material production.

Bourgeois Era Optimism (Marx)

Capitalism creates the forces and organization necessary for communism.

Proletarian Revolution (Marx)

A revolution aimed at abolishing all classes, not merely replacing rulers.

Bourgeois Wealth (Marx)

Wealth from exploitation of workers, not from personal labor.

Meaningful Work (Marx)

Work organized around communal needs rather than forced labor.

Abolition of Family and Nationalism (Marx)

Both reinforce property relations and divide the working class.

Dictatorship of the Proletariat (Marx)

Workers seize power to dismantle capitalism and create a classless society.

Distribution based on Need (Marx)

True justice involves meeting different people's needs, not strict fairness.

Free State (Marx)

Insufficient as it remains a tool of class domination that must 'wither away'.

Death of God (Nietzsche)

The collapse of belief in absolute values and objective meaning.

Living Unhistorically (Nietzsche)

Living in the present without being burdened by the past.

Tension between History and Life (Nietzsche)

Excess historical knowledge can paralyze creativity and action.

Monumental History (Nietzsche)

History that inspires action through great past examples.

Antiquarian History (Nietzsche)

History preserved out of loyalty to the past.

Critical History (Nietzsche)

History judged to break free from the past.

Modern Historical Sense (Nietzsche)

Leads to cynicism, skepticism, and cultural exhaustion.

Last Men (Nietzsche)

Comfortable, mediocre individuals who are risk-averse and spiritually dead.

Happiness of the Last Men (Nietzsche)

Shallow happiness that is unfulfilling.

View of Past by Last Men (Nietzsche)

View past striving and suffering as foolish.

Necessity of Inequality (Nietzsche)

Inequality fosters struggle and exceptional individuals.

Will to Power (Nietzsche)

The fundamental drive to grow, assert strength, and create meaning.

Master Morality (Nietzsche)

Values like strength and pride created by the strong.

Slave Morality (Nietzsche)

Values like humility and obedience created by the weak.

Arising of Slave Morality (Nietzsche)

Originated through ressentiment, where the weak resent the strong.

Dominance of Moralities (Nietzsche)

Slave morality dominates modern culture.

Good News of God's Death (Nietzsche)

It frees humans to create their own values.

Preparatory Human Beings (Nietzsche)

To break old certainties and prepare for a higher humanity.

Eternal Recurrence Proposal (Nietzsche)

Demands love for every moment of life, including suffering.

Zarathustra's Nausea (Nietzsche)

Overwhelmed by the eternal recurrence realization and existence's pettiness.

Zarathustra's Overcoming (Nietzsche)

By choosing to affirm and will the eternal recurrence.

Nietzsche's Political Intentions (Nietzsche)

To inspire cultural transformation toward higher individuals.