Topics 5-8 Planet Earth

What are inactive volcano called?

Dormant

What makes the magnetic feild?

Outer core

Type of mountain formed from hot magma pushing beneath the crust?

Dome mountains

What are the layers of the earth?

Crust, Upper mantel, lower mantel, outer core and the inner core.

Liquid layers of earth

Outer core

Solid layers of earths crust

Inner core, crust, upper mantel (liquid and solid) and the lower mantel.

How do scientist know there are liquid and solid layers?

S and P waves

What causes earthquakes?

Tectonic plate moment, faults and collisions.

What is the Richter Scale?

The scale of measurement used for measuring earthquake severity.

What is a divergent plate boundary?

2 tectonic plates move AWAY from each other and magma fills the gap, often underwater. Eventually the magma will eruppt through vents.

\`What is a convergent plate boundary?

It is when 1 tectonic plate goes under another, this plate will melt and force magma up until the new volcano erupts.

What is a vent?

It is a hole in the earths crust that magma erupts through.

What is Pyrocrastic flow?

The flow of lava away from a volcano. (down the volcano and on ground)

What is a subdction zone?

When 2 tectonic plates meet and one goes under the other.

What causes subduction zones?

Convergent plate boundaries.

What is the Ring Of Fire?

A ring type formation of volcanoes (452 of them) on various pacific coasts.

What do most of the ring of fire volcanoes form from?

Convergent boundaries.

What is a fold?

A permanent wave formation in a mountain (rock)

What is a fault?

A crack in the earths crust.

What actions can make Faults?

It frocks are to brittle to fold and if squeezing or stretching happen.

How are fold mountains formed?

If playable, rocks can fold making these ranges.

Example of fold mountians:

Himilayas

What is an anticline?

The highest point of a fold.

What is a syncline?

The lowest point of a fold.

What types of mountains do you see anticlines and synclines?

Fold mountains.

How are fault block mountains formed?

Squeezing and stretching.

Example of fault block mountians:

Sierra Nevada mountains.

How can you tell the difference between old and young mountains?

Old are more round due to weathering but young are more jagged.

What clues can fossils give us about earths past?

They can tell us about time periods, interactions, climate and more.

What parts of animals are most likely to fossilise?

Hard things like bone have more of a chance to fossilise before decaying.

What rock type are fossils found in?

Sedimentary rock.

What are index fossils?

Fossils only found in a limited time period. They can indicate the age of rock or other fossils.

What is a living fossil?

A living fossil is an organism found in the fossil record that is still alive today. Crocodiles and coelacanth fish are examples. Living fossils have also change very little from when ever it started existing.

What are the 4 fossil types?

Trace, mould, cast and true form.

What is a footprint fossil an example of?

A trace fossil.

What is a leaf fossil and exaple of?

A mould fossil.

What is an ammonite fossil and example of?

A cast fossil.

What is a dinosaur bone an example of?

A true form fossil.