Untitled Flashcards Set

The unexamined life is not worth living

A statement by Socrates emphasizing the necessity of self-reflection.

Vice vs. Virtue

Vice enslaves, while virtue frees – a reason why the just life is better than the unjust life.

Analogy of the Sun

Plato's analogy illustrating the nature of knowledge and the Form of the Good.

Aristotle's conception of happiness

Flourishing, fulfillment, and deep satisfaction; the end that all actions are ordered toward.

Hylomorphism

The theory that living creatures are composed of body (matter) and soul (form).

Four Causes

Material, Efficient, Formal, and Final; different explanations for why a thing exists.

St. Thomas Aquinas' Five Ways

Philosophical arguments for the existence of God, including Prime Mover and Uncaused Cause.

Kant’s Categorical Imperative

The principle that one must never treat people merely as means to an end.

Ayer’s verification principle

A principle stating that statements are only meaningful if they are analytic or empirically verifiable.

Leisure according to Pieper

Described as the foundation for Western civilization, non-activity, celebration, and a contemplative attitude.

Connection between leisure and worship

Worship is necessary for true leisure; without it, leisure can devolve into laziness.

What is the nature of happiness according to Aristotle?

It consists of flourishing, fulfillment, and is the end all actions seek.

How are virtues acquired?

Virtues of Intellect are acquired through teaching, while Virtues of Character are developed through habit.

The significance of the death of God in Nietzsche's philosophy

It indicates a shift in moral values and the rise of the Overman.

Substantial vs. Accidental change

Substantial change alters what a thing is, while accidental change affects its properties.

Virtue as mean

Aristotle’s concept that virtue is the balance between excess and deficiency, like generosity.