Conservation Ethics and History of the United States

A comprehensive set of flashcards on conservation ethics and the history of conservation in the United States, covering key concepts, definitions, and philosophical viewpoints.

What does conservation ethics entail?

Conservation ethics is how humans should relate to the environment and its components, including biodiversity.

Who stated that 'In wildness is the preservation of the world'?

Henry David Thoreau.

What is the basis of conservation biology?

Conservation biology is based on the assumption that biodiversity is valuable and worth preserving.

What is utilitarian value?

Utilitarian value is the extrinsic value of biodiversity as a means to human welfare, typically reflecting an anthropocentric viewpoint.

What are ecosystem services?

Ecosystem services are the benefits provided by ecosystems, such as food, clean water, climate regulation, and recreational opportunities.

How much did 17 major ecosystem services value in 1997?

The global value was estimated to be worth $33 trillion annually.

What is the relationship between species richness and ecosystem function?

High species richness introduces redundancy into ecosystems, ensuring continued ecosystem services for humans.

What is inherent value in biodiversity?

Inherent value is the intrinsic value of biodiversity, meaning it has value simply because it exists.

What is the primary argument for resource conservation in the 19th century?

Natural resources should be utilized sustainably so they are not diminished for future generations.

What event is celebrated on April 22nd?

Earth Day, in support of environmental protection.

Which act was passed in 1964 to protect wilderness areas?

The Wilderness Act.

What was one of the recognitions by the 1980s regarding biodiversity?

There was growing recognition of the ongoing loss of biodiversity.

How do ecocentrism and biocentrism differ?

Ecocentrism focuses on ecosystems and their relationships, while biocentrism emphasizes individual animal rights.

What philosophy argues against killing invasive species to protect natives?

Animal rights activists would argue it is wrong to kill individuals of an invasive species.

Who advocated the idea that we should see land as a community?

Aldo Leopold.