EXSC187 | Growth, Motor Development & Aging | Module 2

Only Module 2

Age of takeoff

Increased height velocity begins

Peak height velocity (PHV)

• Where growth is occurring the fastest

• Somatic maturity

• It is the maximum height someone can be

• boys have a higher PHV than girls

Human Growth Hormone (HGH)

• HGH is a protein produced by anterior pituitary gland

• HGH release is regulated by the somatomedins

• Primary role to mediate production of:

  • Insulin like growth factors (IGF1)

  • Somatomedins

• Anabolic function

Direct HGH Actions

Indirect HGH Actions

• GH releases IGF-1 from the liver and locally

• IGF-1 effect on increasing cartilage, bone, muscle, adipose tissue

• In adolescence IGF-1 rise due to increased HGH

• Very tall individuals have more HGH as they are very responsive to GHRH

• Special feature of HGH (via IGF-1) is linear growth

  • By acting on growth centres of long bones (epiphyseal cartilage forming cells)

Tanner Scale

measures maturity

testosterone

 fat-mobilising effect in males

Estradiol

accumulation of fat in females

Peak weight velocity (PWV)

• occurs after approximately 6 months of PHV

Total lung capacity (TLC)

How much oxygen someone’s lungs can hold

Reserve Volume (RV)

The amount of air that remains in the lungs and passageways after a maximal expiration

Vital Capacity (VC)

The total amount of air exhaled after maximal inhalation

Forced-expiratory Volume (1st Second) (FEV1.0)

Indicates how much air you can exhale in one second