TEXTILES EXAM 1

2 Fiber Lengths

Staple & Filament

Fiber

either natural or manufactured; twisted into yarns and used in the production of a fabric

Natural Fibers

come from plants or animals

crimp

the bends & curves along the fiber; natural to wool

manufactured fibers

manmade fibers; always start as filament fibers, synthetics, regenerated cellulosic and derivative cellulosic

cellulosic

carbohydrates found in plants

flexibility

how the fiber bends repeatedly without breaking

hand

the way the fabric feels when touched

luster

the ability to reflect light

pilling

tangled balls of fibers that appear on the surface of a fabric; result of continued friction

resiliency/wrinkle recovery

the ability of a fabric to spring back to its original shape after being twisted, crushed, wrinkled, or distorted in any way

thermoplastic

fibers that withstand heat exposure; can be heat set with permanent creases or pleats

abrasion resistance

the degree by which a fabric can withstand loss of appearance through friction

dimensional stability

maintains original shape; does not shrink or stretch

cover

the ability to occupy an area

elasticity

the ability of a fiber or fabric to return to its original length, shape, or size immediately after the removal of stress

wicking

the ability of a fiber or fabric to disperse moisture and allow it to pass through the surface of the fabric so that evaporation can take place

absorbency

the ability of a fabric to take in moisture

fiber diameter

fiber thickness

the exception natural fiber that is not a staple fiber

silk

hydrophilic

affinity to water

hydrophobic

resistance to water

hygroscopic

absorbs and releases moisture with the humidity=insulation & retains heat when wet

“round” feel

thicker; resistant to fold

yarn

a continuous strand fibers created when fibers are twisted together

fabrics

made by yarns, either knitted or woven

dyeing

adding colorant to fiber, yarns, or fabric

printing

the application of localized color to create a pattern on fabric

finishing

a fabric that has gone through all the necessary finishing process; can be aesthetic or functional

put up

how the fabric is shipped from the mill (either rolled or flat)

mills

owns the machinery to make the fabric

converters

buy greige goods (unfinished) and dyes and finished the fabric based on the person buying

jobbers

sell pieces of fabrics

TFPIA

Textile Fiber Products Identification Act; the government act on the labeling of garments

% of the market that is apparel (clothing)

35%

% of the market that is interiors (furniture)

30%

% of the market that is industrial (luggage, bandages)

30%