Cell Membrane/Transport

Diffusion

The process that moves any material from an area of high concentration to low concentration.

Carrier Proteins

The protein that binds to molecules or ions and changes their shape to carry them across the cell membrane.

Channel Protein

The protein that allows small ions to diffuse across the cell membrane behaving like pores.

Equilibrium

When cells have the equal movements of molecules in and out of the cell.

Selectively Permeable Membrane

A membrane that regulates what enters/leaves the cell.

Osmosis

The diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.

Hypertonic solution

The solution that would cause a cell to lose water and shrivel. (Cell has less water than its surrounding).

Sugar molecules can enter the cell through the process of ______ _______

Facilitated Diffusion

What is facilitated diffusion?

The diffusion of solutes through transport proteins in the plasma membrane without using energy (passive).

What type of molecules do not need the help of a transport protein to pass through a cell membrane?

Small non polar molecules.

In what direction do substances diffuse across the cell membrane?

Down the concentration gradient, from high to low concentration.

Bulk transport

The transport of large molecules across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient.

What type of protein allows ions, like Na+ and K+ to cross the cell membrane?

Gated channel protein

What happens in the sodium potassium pump?

More Na+ out of the cell than K+ into the cell.

Which direction will the molecules move when energy is required.

Molecules will move up the concentration gradient to areas of higher concentrations.

During ______ _______, molecules move from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

Active Transport

Vesicle transport that moves substances out a cell is called

exocytosis

_______ is the process by which a cell takes in liquid material using vesicles.

Pinocytosis.

Endocytosis is the process of taking vesicles into the cell using the ____________.

Plasma membrane

Which component of the cell membrane controls what goes in and out the cell?

The phospholipid bilayer.