Neurotransmitters

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15 Terms

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Neuroplasticity

The ability of dendrites, axons, and synapses to grow and change throughout a person's life.

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Dendrites

Extensions of a neuron that increase the area for synapses to be created.

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Learning

The process through which memories are formed, leading to dendrite growth.

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Synapse

The very tiny gap between neurons where neurotransmitters are transmitted.

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Neurons

Cells that make up nerves and send messages electro-chemically around the body.

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Axon

The part of the neuron that carries messages away from the cell body.

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Myelin sheath

A protective layer that insulates the axon to direct electrical impulses.

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Neurotransmitters

The body's natural chemical messengers that transmit signals between neurons.

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Excitatory neurotransmitters

Chemical messengers that trigger a message to be sent along the next neuron.

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Inhibitory neurotransmitters

Chemical messengers that slow down or stop activity in the receiving neuron.

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Electrical impulse

The form in which messages travel within neurons, from dendrites to the axon.

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Pre-synaptic neuron

The neuron that sends neurotransmitters across the synapse.

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Post-synaptic neuron

The neuron that receives neurotransmitters at its receptors.

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Stimulated mind

An engaged mind that helps to grow more dendrites through mental activities.

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Cell body

The part of a neuron that contains the nucleus and is vital for the neuron's function.