Part 15: Universal Precautions & BSI

True and False: Universal Precautions should be used on infectious patients

False: they are used on ALL patients. That’s why they are called universal

True or False: RTT should be aware than an undiagnosed infection may be present in any individual

True

True or False: Part of Universal Precautions is handling ALL blood and body fluids as if they were infected with HIV HBV etc.

True

True or False: You should assume all patients are HIV positive

True

What is the only Hepatitis vaccine that exists?

1. Hep A

2. Hep B

3. Hep C

2. Hep B

HBV (Hep B) can live on surfaces at room temperature for how many days

7 days

In what year did HBV vaccination of HCW for HBV become mandatory?

1992

(2 Hep 2(B))

CDC estimates that ___# of HCW are infected with HBV each year and ___ die from it each year

8,700

200

TB was on the decline until the mid____, and has since made a comeback

1980s

How often are HCW tested for TB

yearly

What did hospitals redesigned after 6 Dallas Parkland hospital workers were infected with TB?

their air-flow systems

True or False: Several stains of TB are resistant to drugs

False: only one strain

True or False: A HCW may decline a Hep B shot

True, but they must sign a waiver

True or False: Touching a patient with HIV will infect you with HIV

False: Casual contact will not do that

If exposed with HIV, HCW should:

initiate decontamination procedures asap

Decontamination procedures for HCW exposed to HIV:

1. skin and injured wound sites

2. Oral and nasal mucosal surfaces

3. Eyes

1. wash with soap and water

2. rinse toughly with water

3. rinsed with water, saline or other sterile solution

True or False: Decontamination procedures for HCW exposed with HIV include using antiseptics even tho there is no evidence to show that their use decreases the risk of tranmission

True

name of the drug used to tx HIV:

AZT

(aztec)

Which of the following is an example of a HCW who has unreasonable fears and is overly cautious.

1. A HCW who handles needles used on EVERY patient as if they were infected with HIV

2. A HCW who washes their hands after every patient

3. A Radiation therapist who wears a mask and gown when treating a patient with HIV

4. A HCW who refuses to treat a patient with HIV

3.4

A HCW who has unreasonable fears and is overly cautious. This type of reaction is usually caused by

lack of proper education

True or False: A HCW who refuses to treat an HIV patient after they have been properly educated can be dismissed from their job

True. IF after the hospital explains to the HCW the ways HIV is transmitted the worker still refuses to treat, then they may be fired

__was the single most important source of HIV, HBV in the occupational setting

Blood was the single most important source of HIV, HBV and other bloodborne pathogens in an occupational setting

Besides blood, what are other fluids that are implicated in the transmission of bloodborne pathogens?

semen

vaginal secretions

To which of the following are Universal Precautions applied to:

1. Tears

2. CSF

3. Feces

4. Pericardial Fluid

5. Vomit

6. Pleural fluid

7. Blood

8. Nasal Secretions

9. Amniotic Fluid

10. Sweat

11. Synovial Fluid

12. Semen

13. Sputum

14. Vaginal secretions

15. Peritoneal Fluid

16. Urine

17. Any fluid contaminated with blood

• CSF

• Pericardial Fluid

• Pleural fluid

• Blood

• Amniotic Fluid

• Synovial Fluid

• Semen

• Vaginal secretions

• Peritoneal Fluid

• any fluid contaminated with blood

True or False: Although some of the fluids, secretions and excretions are not covered under universal precautions, they could still cause nosocomial infections

True

What does BSI stand for

Body Substance Isolation

BSI was proposed in what year

1987

BSI includes isolation of what?

All body fluids for All patients

Airborne pathogens

BSI requirements

gloves- to protect you from bodily fluids

“Stop” sign at the door of patient’s room

____ focuses on blood and body fluids that spread pathogens, while ___is focused on the isolation of all moist body substances in all patients, with more liberal use of gloves as a barrier

Universal Precaution vs BSI:

___does not focus on tears, sweat and saliva unless visible blood is present

UP

____deals with ALL body fluids and airborne agents at all times

BSI