History - c800-c1500 migration in medieval england\

agriculture

the land in eastern England was rich and fertile. Viking and their families could settle, farm and live well.

trade

many english towns we’re important trading centres with Europe. Taking over these towns and their trade could make vikings rich

religion

odin the god of war and millitary victory was the Viking’s most important god. To fight and to win meant that Odin would reward vikings after death

what were Viking looking for in England

treasure- gold, silver and jewels.

Which places has the most treasure for vikings

Monasteries

Anglo saxons

People who migrated from Europe and lived in England from the 5th century

viking

people from the Scandinavian countries (Norway, Sweden And Denmark )

January 878

vikings made a surprise attack against king Alfred and his Anglosaxen army, Alfred retreated

Battle of edington

4 months after the Vikings surprise attack, Alfred rallied local leaders and won a great victory over the vikings

treaty of wedmore

a boundary between Wessex and the Vikings lands, Dane law was agreed

Wessex

wessex remained independent, the only Anglo Saxon kingdom to be left after the Vikings campaign

Danegeld

a tax paid by Anglo-Saxon rulers. To pay the Vikings to stop them from devastating Saxon lands

normans

200 years after Vikings invaded east anglia Norman’s invaded England from the south

Why Norman’s invaded

normans were invading because of a promise, William Duke of Normandy believed that promises made to him by Edward and Harold meant he was the rightful king

Who did the pope support in the Norman invasion

the pope supported William Duke of Normandy

How did William successfully invade England

Williams army was attracted by the opportunities of land and wealth in England, they were superbly fit and well equipped, William brought castles with him

14 October 106 - battle of hastings

harold godwinson king of England was defending his country against William the Duke of Normandy - battle of hastings

why did William invite Jews to England

William invited Jews to England so he could borrow money from them to build stone castles and cathedrals to establish Norman control over England.

Usury

Jews were specifically invited because they were allowed to charge interest on loans unlike Christian’s as the pope had banned usury, this made them wealthy.

what countries make up the low countries

belgium, Luxembourg, netherlands

what was Lombardy

Lombardy is the name given to a collection of powerful city-states in northern Italy.

weavers from the Low Countries

Weavers were a group of migrants who made high quality wool

why did weavers come to england

weavers were invited to make wool in England to boost the economy

What made England more attractive for weavers

the Black Death wiped out half the population which means there was plenty of work,wages in England are high, sea journey to England was much easier

Bankers from Lombardy

Rich banking families from Lombardy began arriving and settling in England, like Jews they helped business by lending money and charging interest.

how did the Lombardy bankers loan money if they were Christian’s?

the bankers found a loophole- they chose to pay the consequential fine of charging interest which was much lower than the profit made

How did Norman’s keep control and prevent rebellion from Anglo-Saxons

They build castles which was a visible reminder of who’s in charge

the feudal system

William owned all the land but he would loan it to trusted Norman’s in return for their loyalty. This stopped rebellion without giving anything away

What did Henry III promise Lombardy bankers in 1220s

henry III promised royal protection for important banking families.

who were hansa merchants

Merchants belonging to the hanseatic league who were in steelyard sold timbers, furs and certain foods

What was the significance of the Norman conquest of England in 1066

The Norman conquest introduced feudalism and resulted in the widespread influence of Norman french on the English language

how did the Norman’s influence architecture

the Norman’s are famous for their castle-building. They constructed massive stone castles across England and Normandy such as the tower of london

what impact did the Vikings have on the development of towns in europe

Viking settlements helped establish and expand towns across Europe.

how did the Vikings influence the language and culture of England

old Norse words were incorporated into English, especially in the areas of law,trade and everyday life