Studied by 6 people
Chromosome–
Typically 100s to 1000s of genes per chromosome, Composed of chromatin(DNA-protein complex).
Genome
–Total hereditary endowment of DNA.
locus
-the physical location of a gene on a chromosome
Chromosomes in the condensed state
always have sister chromatids, and condense during mitosis
centromere
chromatids are joined at
interphase
G1, one chromatid
S, chromosome duplication
G2, two chromatids
M phase
mitosis
cytokinesis
Kinetochores–
composed of proteins; produced during the M phase; two kinetochores per centromere; spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores
G0
is an optional detour from G1. resting phase
ex) neurons
Cell Cycle also has “Checkpoints” why?
•Checkpoints are present in order to make sure that everything is working properly; especially as related to DNA.
prevent mutations
apoptosis
programed cell death
M Checkpoint =
the spindle check point
-checks that all the sister chromatids are correctly attached to the spindle microtubules
-the cycle will not proceed until the kinetochores of each pair of sister chromatids are anchored to the spindlefibres
