Musculoskeletal System

skeletal

The musculoskeletal system consists of two organ system; _______ and muscular

muscular

The musculoskeletal system consists of two organ system; skeletal and _______

support

Major Functions of the Skeletal

System

1. ________

2. Protection

3. Movement

4. Storage

5. Blood cell production

protection

Major Functions of the Skeletal

System

1. Support

2. _________

3. Movement

4. Storage

5. Blood cell production

movement

Major Functions of the Skeletal

System

1. Support

2. Protection

3. _________

4. Storage

5. Blood cell production

storage

Major Functions of the Skeletal

System

1. Support

2. Protection

3. Movement

4. _______

5. Blood cell production

blood cell production

Major Functions of the Skeletal

System

1. Support

2. Protection

3. Movement

4. Storage

5. ___________

skull

protects the brain

ribs

protects the heart and lungs

calcuim

a mineral contained in the bones

Four Categories of Bones

1. Long bones

2. Short bones

3. Flat bones

4. Irregular bones

Long bones

are longer than they are wide

Short bones

are approximately as wide as they are long.

Flat bones

have a relatively thin, flattened shape.

Irregular bones

which have shapes that do not fit readily into the other three categories.

Extracellular Matrix

Varying amounts of collagen, proteoglycan, organic molecules, water, and minerals in the matrix determine the characteristics of connective tissue.

Three major cells

osteocytes, osteoblast, osteoclast

osteocytes

bone cells

osteoblast

bone-forming cells

osteoclast

bone-eating cells

ossification

is the formation of bone by osteoblasts

parathyroid

If the calcium decreases, the _________ glands secretes parathyroid hormone (PTH)

parathyroid hormone

If the calcium decreases, the parathyroid glands secretes _____________ (PTH)

decreases

If the calcium ________, the parathyroid glands secretes parathyroid hormone (PTH)

osteoclast

PTH stimulates ___________

PTH

___ stimulates osteoclast

thyroid

If calcium is increased, the ______ gland secretes calcitonin

calcitonin

If calcium is increased, the thyroid gland secretes ________

increased

If calcium is ________, the thyroid gland secretes calcitonin

osteoblast

Calcitonin inhibits _________

axial skeleton

composed of the skull, the vertebral column, and the thoracic cage

appendicular skeleton

composed of the bones of the upper and lower limbs, as well as the girdles, which attach the limbs to the axial skeleton

movement of the body

Major Functions of the Muscular System

1. _______________

2. Maintenance of posture

3. Respiration

4. Production of body heat

5. Communication

6. Constriction of organs and vessels

7. Contraction of the heart

maintenance of posture

Major Functions of the Muscular System

1. Movement of the body

2. ________________

3. Respiration

4. Production of body heat

5. Communication

6. Constriction of organs and vessels

7. Contraction of the heart

respiration

Major Functions of the Muscular System

1. Movement of the body

2. Maintenance of posture

3. __________

4. Production of body heat

5. Communication

6. Constriction of organs and vessels

7. Contraction of the heart

production of body heat

Major Functions of the Muscular System

1. Movement of the body

2. Maintenance of posture

3. Respiration

4. _______________

5. Communication

6. Constriction of organs and vessels

7. Contraction of the heart

communication

Major Functions of the Muscular System

1. Movement of the body

2. Maintenance of posture

3. Respiration

4. Production of body heat

5. ____________

6. Constriction of organs and vessels

7. Contraction of the heart

constriction of organs and vessels

Major Functions of the Muscular System

1. Movement of the body

2. Maintenance of posture

3. Respiration

4. Production of body heat

5. Communication

6. _____________________

7. Contraction of the heart

contraction of the heart

Major Functions of the Muscular System

1. Movement of the body

2. Maintenance of posture

3. Respiration

4. Production of body heat

5. Communication

6. Constriction of organs and vessels

7. ______________

Sarcomere

basic or functional unit of muscle fibers

Myosin

2 Major Protein

1. ______

2. Actin (thin)

Actin

2 Major Protein

1. Myosin (thick)

2. _____

Antagonistic

muscle that opposes the action of another muscle

(biceps and triceps_

Tendon

muscle to bone

Ligament

bone to bone

Joint

where two bones meet

true ribs

ribs attached directly to the sternum (1-7)

false ribs

ribs attached indirectly to the sternum (8-10)

Floating ribs

ribs not attached to the sternum (11-12)

24

How many vertebrae are present in the vertebral column

Coccyx

Human tail bone

Vitamin D

stimulated by PTH

helps when Calcium is low