Scientific and Technological Advancements (Prehistoric Era to 600 CE)

Neolithic Era

During the , the Chinese were the first to domesticate the silkworm and mulberry trees for use in making cloth.

Pythagoras

(500 BCE), a well- known scientist, also developed both scientific and illogical theories about the nature of the physical universe in addition to discovering useful triangle- related information.

Corpus Hippocraticum

The , a medical text written by the renowned Greek physician Hippocrates, was published in 400 BCE.

Shang dynasty

The Sumerians (around 3000 BCE) and the in China (around 1700 BCE) were two civilizations that benefited from the wheel's invention as they advanced.

European Renaissance

Before Galileo during the , Greek astronomers made observations and inferences that were unmatched.

Common Era

Around the beginning of the , the Chinese developed paper, a material that was much less expensive than silk and more portable than clay tablets or metal.

Syria

Around 1500 BCE, the Egyptians were the first people to make glass, but by 100 BCE, was a significant exporter of fine glassware.

Greek mathematician

Aristarchus, a(n) , used Euclid's theory to calculate the distance between the Sun and the Moon.

China

Around 2200 BCE, the first bronze foundry was established in .

Aluminum

was first refined by the Chinese about 1, 500 years before Europeans did.

Chinese

The wheelbarrow, created by the in the first century CE, is one useful example of a wheel.

BCE

Around 200 , the Andes region saw the development of gold smelting, which was primarily used for jewelry.

sixth century CE

In the , Dionysius Exiguus developed the modern dating method.

scientific speculative

The mathematical and fields have benefited greatly from the contributions of Western civilizations.

astral rhythms

The were carefully observed by the ancients, who calculated how the seasons fit into this calendar.

Mesopotamia

The potter's wheel, which was discovered in as early as 3500 BCE, and the water wheel, a hydrology invention made around 500 BCE.

Galen

(3rd century CE), whose medical writings provided guidance for centuries to come, and Erasistratus of Chios, who explained heart valves (250 CE), were two other notable Greek physicians.

Homeopathy

and natural remedies have been used in Chinese medicine for a very long time.

Chinese mathematicians

invented the magnetic compass (1 CE),"negative numbers "(100 CE), and the north- south and east- west parallels in maps (265 CE), among other innovations.

iron

Because was easier to produce than bronze, it was quickly used extensively in both farming and warfare.

Indian textiles

are still well- known today, despite other cultures adopting cotton growing and spinning.

Maya people of Central America

The created an incredibly precise calendar based on a widely recognized event, such as the birth of Christ, that could predict eclipses and planetary conjunctions.

Greek medicine

is renowned for its effective and often imitated treatments for illnesses.

China

The earliest surviving writing in was discovered incised on animal bones, turtle shells, and bronze objects.

Sumer

By 2700 BCE, one of the earliest Mesopotamian cities, had created the first calendar, which had 354 days.

2700 BCE

By , Sumer, one of the earliest Mesopotamian cities, had created the first calendar, which had 354 days.

354 days

How many days does the first calendar have?

China

By 1400 BCE, _ had created a calendar that was remarkably similar to the one we use today.

Maya people

The of Central America created an incredibly precise calendar based on a widely recognized event, such as the birth of Christ, that could predict eclipses and planetary conjunctions.

Dionysius Exiguous

In the sixth century CE, he developed the modern dating method.

Catal Huyuk

Before the Bronze Age, copper smelting started in _.

northern Thailand

But around 4000 BCE, the first bronze was made by people in _.

China

Around 2200 BCE, the first bronze foundry was established in _.

2200 BCE

the first bronze foundry was established in China.

4000 BCE

he first bronze was made by people in northern Thailand.T

Hittites

By 1200 BCE, the __ in western Asia had mastered the art of making iron, and ironwork was also well-known in central Africa.

Aluminum

was first refined by the Chinese about 1,500 years before Europeans did.

Andes region

Around 200 BCE, the _ saw the development of gold smelting, which was primarily used for jewelry.

200 BCE

the Andes region saw the development of gold smelting, which was primarily used for jewelry.

iron or bronze

After 600 CE, cultures in the Western Hemisphere also started to process copper and silver, but never _.

Chavan culture

Around 1100 BCE, the _ of the Andes was where rubber was first discovered.

rubber

Around 1100 BCE, the Chavan culture of the Andes was where was first discovered.

Near East

Writing was first created by people in the _. They used animal skins, papyrus and clay tablets.

China

The earliest surviving writing in _ was discovered incised on animal bones, turtle shells, and bronze objects.

Common Era

Around the beginning of the , the Chinese developed paper, a material that was much less expensive than silk and more portable than clay tablets or metal.

abacus

Around 3000 BCE, the Near East developed the _, demonstrating a fascination with numbers, mathematics, and the sciences.

Pythagoras (500 BCE)

a well-known scientist, also developed both scientific and illogical theories about the nature of the physical universe in addition to discovering useful triangle-related information.

Euclid (300 BCE)

Geometrical insights from are still studied today.

Aristarchus

a Greek mathematician, used Euclid's theory to calculate the distance between the Sun and the Moon.

pi

Archimedes, in turn, calculated ____ and created tools like the lever and the pulley.

1 CE

Invention of magnetic compass

100 CE

Invention of Negative numbers

265 CE

Date when north-south and east-west parallels in maps were introduced.

200 BCE

the first to use exponential formulas and scientific notation

Sumerians

Shang Dynasty

two civilizations that benefited from the wheel's invention as they advanced.

wheelbarrow

The ____, created by the Chinese in the first century CE, is one useful example of a wheel.

potter

The _’s wheel, which was discovered in Mesopotamia as early as 3500 BCE

water

the ____ wheel, a hydrology invention made around 500 BCE.

Egyptians

Around 1500 BCE, the _ were the first people to make glass

Syria

by 100 BCE, _was a significant exporter of fine glassware.

Neolithic Era

During the _, the Chinese were the first to domesticate the silkworm and mulberry trees for use in making cloth.

Indus River valley

Around 2500 BCE, cotton was woven and traded in the .

China

By 2500 BCE, Acupuncture started in ____.

Corpus Hippocraticum

a medical text written by the renowned Greek physician Hippocrates, was published in 400 BCE.

Galen

whose medical writings provided guidance for centuries to come

Erasistratus of Chios

who explained heart valves (250 CE), were two other notable Greek physicians