phsyics circular motion

Period (T)

The time taken for one complete revolution around a circular path, measured in seconds.

Frequency (f)

The number of complete revolutions per unit time, measured in Hertz (Hz), where 1 Hz = 1 cycle per second.

Tangential Velocity (v_t)

The linear speed of an object moving along a circular path.

Centripetal Acceleration (a_c)

The acceleration directed toward the center of the circular path that keeps an object moving in a circle.

Centripetal Force (F_c)

The net force required to keep an object moving in a circular path, directed toward the center of the circle.

Centripetal Force Calculation

Centripetal force can be calculated using mass and centripetal acceleration.

Centripetal Acceleration Calculation

Centripetal acceleration can be calculated using tangential velocity and radius.

Velocity Calculation

Velocity can be calculated using the radius and angular velocity.

Period Calculation

Period can be calculated using the relationship between frequency and period.

Frequency Calculation

Frequency is calculated using the time period of rotation.

Uniform Circular Motion

Occurs when the speed of the object is constant, but the direction of the velocity vector changes, resulting in centripetal acceleration.

Non-uniform Circular Motion

Involves changes in speed alongside a change in direction, resulting in both tangential and centripetal acceleration.

pendulum

object on string

depend on: length of string

not depend: mass of object, the angle were the object is released

that swings back and forth under the influence of gravity, with its period determined by the length of the string.

longer strong → longer period

Hookes law

the force of spring is proportional to the elongation/compression of a string

angular acceleration

the rate of change of angular velocity over time.

centripetal force (tension)

rollerblade pulled on by rope

Fc = Ft

(since rope pulled rollerblade to the center of the circular path, necessary for maintaining circular motion.)

centripetal force (friction)

car turning a corner

Fc = Ff

(the frictional force acting towards the center of the turn, necessary to keep the car moving in a circular path.)

• no friction: object go on straight line

centripetal force (gravity) / planetary motion

Fc = Fg

planets and moons, they orbits around a star or planet due to gravitational forces.

This gravitational pull provides the necessary centripetal force to maintain their curved paths.

centripetal force (normal force)

car on wall of death (car stuck on side of a wall)

The normal force acting perpendicular to the surface of the wall provides the necessary centripetal force to keep the car in circular motion without falling.

centripetal force (FA)

bowling ball

Fc = FA
when pushing and letting go of the ball, the ball goes on a circular path with constant velocity

simple harmonic motion

special type of periodic motion an object experiences by means of a restoring force

• pendulum

• mass at end of string

• guitar string

resorting force

force that tries to bring an object back to a position of equilibrium.

• directly proportional to the object’s displacement of position of equilibrium