Unit 4 History - Benjamin Banneker

What was the European Scientific Revolution?

An intellectual movement beginning in the 16th century Europe that established a trend of using logic and reason to discover truths about the natural world.

What characterized the English Enlightenment?

A period of intellectual and philosophical growth in England during the 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing logic and reason to justify individual rights and the government's role in protecting them.

What are rights in the context of government?

Permissions and boundaries for human behavior designed by governments based on a moral interpretation of what is best for society.

What is the Social Contract theory?

A theory suggesting that people agree to live under government rules in exchange for protection and societal benefits.

Who was Thomas Hobbes?

An English philosopher who believed that people were naturally selfish and needed strong governments to maintain order.

Who was John Locke?

An English philosopher known for his ideas on natural rights and the social contract, advocating that governments should protect individual rights.

Who was Thomas Jefferson?

A Founding Father of the United States and primary author of the Declaration of Independence.

What was the English Revolution?

A significant event from the 1640s to 1689 that limited the power of the King and Queen of England by establishing Parliamentary authority.

What is an autocracy?

A form of government where a single ruler holds absolute power and makes decisions without the consent of the people.

What is an oligarchy?

A form of government where a small group of people hold significant political influence, benefiting their group's interests.

What is a democracy?

A form of government where decision-making power is vested in the hands of the people through elected representatives.

What is patriarchy?

A social system where men hold primary power and dominate roles of leadership, control, and authority in society.

What is racism?

Bigotry and hatred towards another group seen as inferior based on physical appearance.

What is antiracism?

The belief in actively opposing and combating racism, discrimination, and racial prejudice.

What was the American Revolution?

A series of events in the late 18th century that led to the Thirteen American Colonies gaining independence from British rule.

Who was Benjamin Banneker?

An 18th Century American Scientist of African ancestry known for creating the Farmer’s Almanac and advocating against racism.