Tourism and Hospitality - Vocabulary Flashcards

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering the key terms and concepts from the lecture notes on tourism and hospitality.

Tourism and Hospitality (definition)

One of the world’s largest and fastest-growing industries, integrating travel, lodging, food and beverage, recreation, and related services; its components are interrelated and interdependent.

Tourism and Hospitality network components

Food and beverage services; lodging services; recreation and entertainment services; travel and tourism services.

Tourism (Hunziker & Krapf definition)

The sum of phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and stay of non-residents, insofar as they do not lead to permanent residence and are not connected to any earning activity.

Tourism Society Cardiff definition

Tourism defined as activities chosen outside the home, largely for pleasure, where money earned at home is spent in places visited; includes much travel but is distinct from leisure, recreation, travel, and migration.

Tourist (League of Nations 1937 definition)

A person who visits a country other than their usual residence for at least 24 hours, for pleasure, domestic reasons or health, meetings or business, and includes cruise travelers even if under 24 hours.

Excursionist

A temporary visitor staying less than 24 hours, with no overnight stay; includes cruise travelers and excludes travelers in transit.

Domestic Tourism

Travel taken within the national boundaries of the traveler’s country.

International Tourism

Involves movement of people across international boundaries, with different language, currency, and documentation requirements.

Package Tour / Inclusive Tour

An arrangement where transport and accommodation are bought at an all-inclusive price; the tour operator purchases these in bulk and sells tours to tourists; prices are not broken down for the tourist.

Independent Tour

An arrangement where the tourist buys facilities separately, possibly reserving in advance or en route.

Group Tour (GIT)

Tourist travels in the company of other tourists.

Independent Inclusive Tour (IIT)

Tourist travels to destination individually (independent-inclusive arrangement).

Tourist Product – First characteristic

It is a service; intangible; cannot be inspected before purchase; a package tour involves a high degree of trust.

Tourist Product – Second characteristic

Largely psychological in attraction; includes the temporary use of a strange environment plus culture and heritage and intangible benefits such as atmosphere and hospitality.

Tourist Product – Third characteristic

The product tends to vary in standard and quality over time; cannot be consistently of equal standard; experiences can be affected by factors like a bumpy flight.

Supply is fixed

The supply of the product is fixed (e.g., hotel rooms, aircraft seats); unsold inventory cannot be stored; discounts are used to fill capacity at short notice.

Tourist Destination

A geographical unit where the tourist visits and stays (village, town, city, district, region, country, or continent).

Attractions (site vs event)

Site attractions have broad appeal; event attractions draw tourists for what is happening there (congresses, festivals, sports).

Site Attraction

A destination element with appeal beyond events, such as a country, city, or resort.

Event Attraction

Attractions based on specific events that draw visitors to the destination for the event itself.

Natural Attractions

Attractions that are natural features, such as mountains, beaches, or climate.

Man-made Attractions

Attractions created by humans, such as historically/architecturally significant buildings or theme parks (e.g., San Juanico Bridge, Disneyland).

Amenities

Facilities at the site including accommodation, food, local transport, communications, and entertainment; essential for tourism potential and varies by site.

Accessibility

Regular and convenient transport to destinations; time/distance considerations; supportive infrastructure like roads, railways, airports, and seaports.

Balance of Payments (Tourism)

Tourism earns foreign currency and helps correct deficits in international trade.

Dispersion of Development

Tourism helps spread wealth among countries, bridging economic gaps between rich and poor.

Economic Development impact

Tourist expenditures can benefit multiple sectors and stimulate the development of various industries.

Employment Opportunities

Tourism and hospitality can provide jobs, especially where unemployment or underemployment is an issue.

Social Benefits of Tourism

Tourists bring new habits and perspectives, influencing host communities.

Cultural Enrichment

Encourages preservation of historical sites and heritage, and promotes music, dance, and artifacts.

Educational Significance

Provides up-to-date information and opportunities for seminars and international conferences to develop the industry.

Peace and International Understanding

A vital force for peace, helping bridge psychological and cultural distances and fostering tolerance and world understanding.