How long is the blood donor deferral for someone with or with a history of Chagas’ Disease?
Indefinite deferral
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How long is someone deferred from donating blood if they have CJD, have a blood relative with CJD, had a dura matter transplant, or pituitary-derived growth hormone?
Indefinite deferral
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How long is someone deferred from blood donation if they have Zika? Or is it if they travelled to somewhere with a zika endemic?
4 week deferral
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How long is a blood donor deferred if they have Hep B IgG?
12 months
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How long is a blood donor deferred if they have a new tattoo/piercing?
12 months
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How long is a blood donor deferred if they have been exposed to someone else’s blood?
12 months
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How long is a blood donor deferred if they have had sexual contact with a person at high risk for HIV?
12 months
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How long is a blood donor deferred if they have been imprisoned for more than 72 hours?
12 months
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How long is a blood donor deferred after they have returned from a malarial endemic area?
12 months
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How long is a blood donor deferred after a post-blood transfusion?
12 months
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How long is a blood donor deferred after they have used acutane?
1 month
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How long is a blood donor deferred after they have used propecia use?
1 month
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How long is a blood donor deferred after a malarial infection?
3 years after becoming asymptomatic
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How long is a blood donor deferred if they have taken aspirin and aspirin-containing drugs?
48 hours (2 days)
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List some conditions that would meet the criteria for a **permanent deferral**
1. Human pituitary growth hormone injection 2. Taken clotting factors 3. Sexual contact with anyone who used a needle to take illegal drugs 4. AIDS or HIV pos. 5. Males having sex w/ other males (update: 3 mo. from last sexual contact) 6. Had viral hepatitis 7. Positive HBsAg 8. Positive HBc 9. Positive HTLV 10. History of CJD 11. History of Chagas’ or babesiosis
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What is the minimum Hgb requirement to donate blood?
12\.5 g/dl
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What is the minimum Hct requirement to donate blood?
38%
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What is the minimal age *without* parental consent to donate blood?
17
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What age must you at least be in order to donate blood *with* parental consent?
16 or older
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What is the ideal body temperature to donate blood?
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What is the ideal blood pressure you must have to donate blood?
< 180/100
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What is the pulse range for blood donation?
50-100 bpm
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What is the minimum body weight required for blood donation?
110 lbs
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If you decide to take blood from someone who is less than 110 lbs, what must you do first?
Reduce the amount of anticoagulant
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What is the standard volume of anticoagulant? (hint: looking for a # not a definition)
63 mL
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What is the volume of a standard unit?
450 mL plus or minus 45 mL
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How would you calculate the amount of anticoagulant needed, anticoagulant removed, and amount of blood collected for an “underweight” donor?
1. __Reduce Volume Factor (__@@__**A**__@@__)__ = weight (lbs)/ 110 lbs 2. @@**A**@@ x 63 = amount of anticoagulant needed (^^**B**^^) 3. 63 mL - ^^**B**^^ = amount of anticoagulant removed 4. @@**A**@@ x 450 mL = amount of blood collected
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How often can you donate **RBCs**?
8 weeks
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How often can you donate **Platelets**/**Granulocytes**?
* 48 hours between donations * No more than 2x a week or 24x per year
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What is the minimum amount of platelets that you need to have in order to donate?
150,000/uL
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How often can you donate **plasma**?
* every 4 weeks * Total protein must be within normal limits (**>6.0 g/dL**)
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Blood expires in ___ days with the addition of the anticoagulant CPD.
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Blood expires in ___ days with the addition of the anticoagulant CP2D.
21
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Blood expires in ___ days with the addition of the coagulant CPDA-1.
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Blood expires in ___ days with the addition of AS-1, AS-3, or AS-5.
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What is the function of the preservative: Dextrose
Supports RBC life by providing energy
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What is the function of the preservative: Adenine
Used in ATP synthesis; restores ATP
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What is the function of the preservative: Citrate
Chelates calcium to prevent coagulation
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What is the function of the preservative: Sodium biphosphate
Buffer to prevent decrease in pH
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During storage of **RBC** units, what **increases**?
What happens in **Intermittent Flow Centrifugation**
1. Blood drawn from donor is anticoagulated with **ACD** 2. Blood pumped into bowl which separates components by specific gravity 3. Desired component is removed into a separate bag and the remaining is returned to donor
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What does the list below describe?
* Blood drawn out and put back in “batches” * **One** venipuncture site * Repeats 6-8 cycles to obtain therapeutic dose * Takes longer but more mobile
Intermittent Flow Centrifugation
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What does the list below describe?
* Blood is spun, separated continuously with desired product being removed, and remaining product returned **uninterrupted** * **2** venipuncture sites * Faster
Continuous Flow Centrifugation
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What is a major “pro” of Continuous Flow Centrifugation (CFC)?
Reinfuses **simultaneously** (IFC does one cycle before starting the next one) - so it’s a lot faster
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If a patient is experiencing tingly/ numb lips during an apheresis treatment, what might be the cause?
Transient systemic hypocalcemia (citrate toxicity) presenting with numbness, tingly lips, cramping, EKC changes, etc… from **ACD** (Acid Citrate Dextrose)
What is the minimum number of granulocytes per component for granulocytes apheresis?
1 x 10^10
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How long should it take to collect a whole blood unit?
15 minutes
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When should FFP be separated/frozen?
Within 7 (or 8) hours of collection
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When should platelets be separated?
Within 8 hours of collection
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You’re gonna ace these finals, pass the BOC with flying colors, and get a job starting off at 70K.
periodt
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Quality Control:
In **leukocyte-reduced components**, what is the amount of leukocytes that you must have and what percentage of the original RBC mass should be maintained?
* 5.5 x 10^6 (leukocytes) * 85% of original RBC mass should be maintained
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Quality Control:
How many **platelets** per unit in 75% of units tested? How many platelets per unit in an **apheresis unit**?
* 5.5 x 10^10 platelets/unit in 75% of units tested * Apheresis unit: 3 x 10^11 platelets/unit
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Do leukapheresis and granulocyte products need to be crossmatched with the patient?
YES! These products still contain a small amount of RBCs that are still in it.
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Quality Control:
How much fibrinogen and Factor VIII (8) is needed in order to be considered **cryoprecipitate**?
* 150 mg/dL of fibrinogen * 80 IU Factor VIII (8)
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Quality Control:
Granulocytes need to be greater than _____.
greater than 1 x 10^10
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In general, what is the function of all RBC components?
Carrying oxygen
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Why do we give leukocyte-reduced RBCs?
To reduce **febrile transfusion reactions**
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Why do we give irradiated RBCs?
To reduce the chance of **graft-vs-host**
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Why do we give washed RBCs?
Given for someone who has an anaphylactic reaction
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Why do we use FFP (fresh frozen plasma)?
Replace coag factors
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What are platelets used for?
* Used to control bleeding
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Contraindications:
You __**DO NOT**__ want to give platelets to patients with which disorders?
1. Uremic patients (HUS) 2. Autoimmune disorders
1. Idiopathic thrombocytopenia (ITP) 2. TTP
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What do we use granulocytes for?
1. Septic patients 2. Immunodeficient patients
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What do we use cryo for?
1. **Fibrinogen deficiency** 2. Factor XIII deficiency 3. Fibrin sealant (mixed with thrombin)
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Contraindications:
When should you __**NOT**__ give a patient RBCs?
1. Compensated/nutritional anemias 2. General fatigue 3. Enhance a patient’s well-being 4. Wound healing