AP Psychology Unit 0

Bimodal distribution

A frequency distribution or graph that shows 2 distinct peaks (modes) instead of just 1

Case study

A descriptive, non-experimental research method where a single individual, small group, or unique event is studied in extreme depth over time

Confidentiality

The ethical requirement that researchers and therapists must keep a participant’s or client’s private data and personal information secure and hidden from the public/unauthorized persons

Confirmation bias

The cognitive tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and remember information that aligns with your preexisting beliefs while ignoring/dismissing evidence that contradicts them

Confounding variable

An outside factor other than the independent variable that changes the dependent variable and ruins the result

Control Group

The group of participants in an experiment who do receive the experimental treatment or independent variable manipulation

Convenience sample

A non-random research sample made up of people who are easy for the research to reach and recruit

Correlation

A non-experimental research measure that describes the extent to which 2 variables fluctuate together and how well one can predict the other

Correlation coefficient

A statistical number from -1.00 to +1.00 that shows the strength and direction of the relationship between 2 variables

-Represented by letter r

Cultural norms

The shared, often unwritten rules and expectations that guide acceptable behavior within a specific group, society, or culture

Debrief

Deception

Dependent variables

Descriptive statistics

Dictionary problem

Double-blind procedure

Effect size

Experiment

Experimental group

Experimental methodology

Experimenter bias

Falsifiable

Generalizability

Hindsight bias

Histogram

Hypothesis

Illusory correlation

Independent variable

Inferential data/statistics

Informed consent

Informed assent

Institutional review

Mean

Measure of central tendency

Median

Meta analysis

Mode

Naturalistic observation

Non-experimental methodology

Normal curve

Operational definition

Overconfidence

Peer review

Percentile rank

Placebo

Placebo effect

Population

Qualitative measures

Quantitative measures

Random assignment

Random sample

Range

Regression towards the mean

Replication

Representative sample

Research confederate

Sample

Sampling bias

Scatterplot

Self-report bias

Single-blind procedure

Skewed distribution

Social desirability bias

Standard deviation

Statistical significance

Structured interviews

Survey

Theory

Third variable problem

Variable

Variation

Wording effects