APUSH NEED TO KNOW SUPREME COURT CASES

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Established the power of the Supreme Court to declare an act of Congress or of the executive branch unconstitutional (judicial review)

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

Expanded Congress's ability to use its implied powers

Cohens v. Virginia (1821)

Ruled that a state court's decision is subject to review by the U.S. Supreme Court

Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

Broadened the definition of commerce and established that a state cannot interfere with Congress's right to regulate interstate commerce.

Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)

Ruled that African Americans cannot be U.S. citizens and that Congress has no power to forbid slavery in U.S. territories

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Ruled that separate but equal facilities for African Americans are constitutional

Schenck v. United States (1919)

Held that the clear-and-present danger principle should be used as the test of whether a government may limit free speech

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)

Ruled that separation of the races in public schools is unconstitutional; reversed the Plessy v. Ferguson decision

Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

Declared that if accused persons have not been informed of their right to remain silent, then any statements they make may not be used as evidence against them

New York Times Co. v. United States (1971)

Affirmed the 1st amendment guarantee of a free press and limited "prior restraint" of the press

Roe v. Wade (1973)

Established a woman's legal right to an abortion under certain circumstances

United States v. Nixon (1974)

Limited the scope of a President's use of executive privilege

Korematsu v. U. S. (1941)

Supported Japanese-American internment.