Indices and calculations

CPI

Measures overall periodontal status of the community; does not involve specific calculations.

CPITN

Determines treatment needs based on CPI score and measures both periodontal status and treatment needs.

PSR

Modified CPI used for individual patient periodontal screening; no calculation emphasized.

GI (Gingival Index)

Measures gingival inflammation using an ordinal scoring system.

LOA (Loss of Attachment)

Measures attachment loss using the WHO ordinal scale.

Dean’s Fluorosis Index

Scores fluorosis severity based on the lesser score of the two worst teeth.

TSIF (Tooth Surface Index of Fluorosis)

Scores fluorosis severity and distribution by scoring each tooth surface.

Cancer rates/proportions

Measures the frequency of oral and pharyngeal cancer expressed as rate or proportion.

DMFT

Measures caries experience in teeth by calculating Decayed (D), Missing (M), and Filled (F) permanent teeth.

DMFS

Measures caries experience in surfaces by calculating Decayed (D), Missing (M), and Filled (F) permanent surfaces.

dft/dfs

Measures primary caries by counting decayed (d) and filled (f) primary teeth.

dmft/dmfs

Measures primary caries by counting decayed (d), missing (m), and filled (f) primary teeth.

BSS

Measures presence of caries based on yes/no caries screening prevalence.

RCI

Measures root caries by calculating (Decayed + Filled root surfaces) ÷ Exposed root surfaces × 100.

PHP

Measures plaque based on disclosing solution and plaque/debris using total scores ÷ teeth assessed.

PHP-M

Measures plaque based on PHP and Ramfjord teeth; calculated as total scores ÷ Ramfjord teeth.

PCR

Assesses presence of plaque by calculating Plaque surfaces ÷ Total surfaces.

Plaque-Free Score

Assesses absence of plaque by calculating (Teeth × 4) − Plaque surfaces.

PII (Plaque Index)

Measures amount of plaque using total plaque scores ÷ teeth assessed.

GBI

Measures gingival inflammation based on floss and interproximal bleeding as Bleeding sites ÷ Total sites.

SBI

Measures sulcular bleeding by summing scores from probe readings across 4 sites.

EIBI

Measures interproximal bleeding using wooden interdental cleaner for Bleeding IP spaces ÷ Total IP spaces.