AP WHAP Unit 6 Quiz Review

Which of the following best explains why the Italian Renaissance began in city-states such as Florence and Venice during the Late Medieval period?

Their wealth from Mediterranean trade with the Islamic world allowed merchants and bankers to patronize artists and scholars.

Which of the following best explains how technology from Dar al-Islam influenced European exploration in the fifteenth century?

Europeans adopted navigational tools such as the astrolabe and compass from the Islamic world.

Which of the following best explains the motivation behind Christopher Columbus’s westward voyage in 1492?

To find a direct maritime route to Asia by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean

How did European exploration during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries affect global power dynamics?

It shifted the center of global wealth from Asia to Europe through control of maritime trade routes.

Which of the following best explains a similarity between the earliest English and French voyages across the North Atlantic in the late fifteenth and sixteenth centuries?

They were often launched in the hopes of finding alternative sailing routes to Asia.

Which of the following best explains an effect of Spanish voyages across the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans in Europe in the late fifteenth and sixteenth centuries?

They greatly increased interest in transoceanic travel and trade in other European countries.

Which of the following was the most immediate effect of the Portuguese establishment of a school for navigation in the 1400s?

The establishment of direct overseas trade links between India and Europe

Which of the following historical developments most strongly contributed to the mapmaker’s depiction of West Africa and the southern half of the world in Map 2 ?

Portugal’s development of maritime technology and navigational skills

A historian would most likely use Map 1 to research which of the following developments in the period 1450–1750 ?

The ways that European cartography drew on earlier knowledge from the Islamic world and merchant activity in the Mediterranean

 

Which of the following factors would contribute most to future revisions of Map 2 ?

Spanish sponsorship of trans-Atlantic and trans-Pacific maritime exploration

Which factor best explains how the Aztecs supported a large urban population in Tenochtitlan?

Use of chinampas (Floating Gardens) to increase agricultural productivity

 

In the Aztec Flower Wars, what was the primary motivation for combat?  

Acquisition of human captives for religious sacrifice and collection of tribute

Which economic system most accurately characterizes Inca state labor obligations?

State-run forced labor known as the Mit’a system

What was a major similarity between the Aztec and Inca civilizations before European contact?  

Both organized centralized theocracies with divine rulers

Which of the following pieces of evidence most strongly supports the author’s arguments about the quality of the highways described in the passage?

They were very broad, and some extended across the entire kingdom.

Which of the following pieces of evidence does the author most directly use to support his argument about the king of Spain following the Inca method of highway construction?

The Inca rulers only had to command their officials to construct a highway, and it was completed quickly.

Which of the following pieces of evidence does the author use to support his argument about the pride of Inca rulers in the second paragraph?

Inca rulers typically tried to construct bigger and broader highways than their predecessors if they wanted to undertake conquests.

Which of the following pieces of evidence most strongly supports the author’s conclusion about the importance of exotic goods to the Maya region’s economy?

The exchange of exotic goods went hand in hand with the exchange of information

The author directly uses all of the following pieces of evidence to support his argument about the relationship between exotic goods and the power of Maya rulers EXCEPT that Maya rulers

prohibited nobles and priests from wearing certain types of exotic goods reserved for rulers

Which of the following does the author cite most directly to support his argument in the third paragraph about the importance of exotic goods in the Maya region?

The existence of unified patterns of behavior in warfare, science, and religion

 Portugal’s control of the city of Malacca was significant because it

allowed Portugal to dominate the spice trade by controlling a key maritime chokepoint

Portuguese exploration in the Indian Ocean most directly undermined which existing trading power?  

Arab merchants, who had long maintained dominance over Indian Ocean trade networks

 

Which of the following best explains why African kingdoms such as Dahomey and Kongo became powerful in the early modern era?  

They gained wealth and military power by selling enslaved people to European traders.

The Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) had the greatest long-term impact by 

establishing Portuguese colonial dominance in Brazil through territorial division

 

Portugal became one of the first European powers to establish a maritime empire primarily because of

technological innovations such as the caravel and deep-water navigation skills

The trend shown on the graph above is best explained by

increased production of cash crops like sugar

On a global scale, which of the following most directly led to the expansion of the trade between Europe and Asia in the time period reflected in the chart?

The shifting balance of trade as a result of the circulation of American silver

 

During the seventeenth century, one of the reasons Africans participated in the Atlantic slave trade was

the demand for weapons among African elites

Which of the following was a major long-term effect of Vasco da Gama’s voyage to India in the late 1490s?

It led to the integration of European merchants into the Indian Ocean economy.

Between 1500 and 1800, Europeans were primarily interested in tropical colonies in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans and in the Caribbean because

large profits could be made from products like sugar, coffee, and pepper

The Catholic Church’s sale of indulgences most directly reflected which of the following conditions in early sixteenth-century Europe?

Corruption and the accumulation of wealth among Church leaders

Martin Luther’s decision to translate the Bible into German was significant because it

gave common people direct access to scripture, reducing the Church’s monopoly on religious knowledge

The Catholic Church’s Council of Trent (1545–1563) was primarily a response to 

the rise of Protestantism and calls for reform within the Catholic Church

The Peace of Augsburg (1555) was a landmark event in European history because it  

allowed German lords to choose between Catholicism and moderate Protestantism for their territories

 

Which of the following developments in Europe in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries most directly helps to explain the presence of the scholars shown in the image of China?

The Protestant Reformation led the Catholic Church to seek new converts outside of Europe.

All of the following statements about Du Halde are factually accurate. Which would most likely lead historians to question the objectivity of his portrayal of the scholars shown in the image?

He was a Jesuit and based his book on Jesuit missionary reports.

The attitude toward religious practice expressed in Source 2 was most directly apparent in which of the following Spanish policies in the Americas in the period circa 1500–1750 ?

The state sponsorship of Jesuit missions to native populations

A historian interpreting the views expressed in the passage would likely explain that those views were most strongly influenced by Protestant desires to

reform Christian society by adhering more closely to Biblical teachings

 

A historian could best explain the arguments made in the passage regarding the pope and the clergy in the context of Protestant claims that the Catholic Church

had become corrupted by power

 

A historian interpreting the passage would most likely explain that the audience of the sermon is an illustration of the fact that

political support from the German nobility aided in the development of the early Protestant community

Which factor most directly motivated Spanish and Portuguese exploration during the late 15th century?

To expand religious influence, acquire wealth through new trade routes, and glorify the kingdoms of Portugal and Spain

The Encomienda System established in the Americas primarily served to

reward conquistadors with control over land and native labor

Spain’s extraction of silver from the Americas best illustrates which feature of mercantilism?  

Emphasis on accumulating precious metals to increase national wealth

One major reason the Spanish were able to conquer the Inca Empire so quickly was that  

the Inca were weakened by civil war and disease before contact

Which of the following best describes Alfred Crosby’s argument in the passage above?

Amerindians’ long isolation from the rest of the world had placed them at a biological disadvantage.

Based on the description of the discovery of silver in Zacatecas in the second paragraph, which of the following conclusions about Mota y Escobar is best supported?

He was critical of the motivations of the Spanish conquistadors.

Based on the passage, it could be inferred that the high prices of firewood in seventeenth-century Zacatecas were a result of which of the following processes?

The introduction of European practices of resource extraction

Navarro’s economic observations expressed in the passage above are best understood in the context of which of the following?

The influx of silver from the Americas into the Spanish economy

Which of the following best exemplifies mercantilism as it was practiced in the Atlantic trading system by 1750 ?

The protection of European merchant companies by their respective governments

Which of the following best illustrates the argument described in the passage above?

Amerindians were killed in large numbers by diseases such as smallpox and measles.