HUMANBIOLOGY_CHAPTERTWENTYTHREE

tissue

group of cells that interact and provide a specific function

epithelial tissue (epithelium)

animal tissue consisting of tightly packed cells that form linings, coverings, and glands

connective tissue

animal tissue consisting of widely spaced cells in a distinctive extracellular matrix

muscle tissue

animal tissue consisting of contractile cells that provide motion

nervous tissue

tissue type whose cells (neurons and neuroglia) form a communication network

nervous system

organ system consisting of nerves, the brain, and other structures that specialize in rapid communication

endocrine system

organ system consisting of glands and cells that secrete hormones

skeletal system

organ system consisting of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons; functions include support, movement, and protection

digestive system

organ system consisting of the intestines and other organs that ingest and dismantle food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate wastes

urinary system

organ system consisting of the kidneys and other organs that maintain body fluid composition

reproductive system

organ system consisting of organs that produce and transport gametes and that may nurture developing offspring

homeostasis

a state of internal constancy in the presence of changing external conditions

positive feedback

a process that reinforces an existing condition

thermoregulation

control of an animal’s body temperature

A group of specialized cells interacting and functioning together form a ______.

tissue

The four broad categories of tissues in animals?

Connective, muscle, nervous, and epithelial

What is the most widespread tissue type in the human body?

connective tissue

The cells of ______ tissue are filled with long, thin protein filaments, which slide past one another.

muscle

In animals, _____ tissue detects stimuli, transmits information in the form of electrical signals throughout the body, and interprets the information.

nervous

What function do the digestive, circulatory, and respiratory systems all have in common?

acquisition of energy

What type of tissue consists of cells that are scattered in extracellular matrix rather than being attached to one another?

connective

The ______ system produces communicating signals that travel within the circulatory system and are long-lasting, and the ______ system produces short-lived signals that travel rapidly.

endocrine; nervous

What is a key characteristic of muscle tissue?

cells that contract

What is the main function of nervous tissue?

sense, convey, and interpret information

The _____ , system breaks down food into small molecules that can be used for energy or growth.

digestive

When cells perform aerobic respiration to generate ATP, the temperature of an organism ______.

increases

The _____ system produces the gametes (eggs or sperm) and includes some organs that can produce hormones.

reproductive

An animal's body consists mostly of ______.

water

Maintaining constant body temperature, balancing heat gain and loss, is known as ______.

thermoregulation