Erosion and Weathering

Minerals

Forms in nature, solid, definite chemical composition, nonliving material, crystal structure

Igneous Rocks

Formed from volcanic activity from molten material

How does Sedimentary Rock form

Formed from sediment being deposited

How does Molten Material form

Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic Rock melting forms this

How does Sediment form

Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic Rock wearing away forms this

Causes of Mechanical Weathering

Freezing and thawing/ice wedging, release of pressure, plant growth, animal actions, and abrasion

Causes of Chemical Weathering

Water causes dissolving minerals in rocks
Acid rain
Oxidation combines with O2 (rusting)

Factors that affect the rate of weathering (make it go faster)

Larger surface area, soluble in water, permeable, warmer and more humid environments

Define Landslide

Rock and soil slide rapidly down a steep slope

Define Mudflow

Rapid downhill movement of a mixture of water, rock, and soil

Define Slump

Mass of rock and soil rapidly slips down a slope in one large mass

Define Creep

Very slow downhill movement of rock and soil

How do rivers form

Water flows over the land as runoff, forming rills, then gullies, then streams, and then rivers.

Features formed from river erosion

Valleys, waterfalls, flood plains, meanders, and oxbow lakes

Features formed from river deposits

Alluvial fans and deltas. It can also add soil to a river's flood plain.

Features from Wave Erosion

Sea stack, sea cave, sea arch

Features from Wave Deposits

Beaches, spits, and sandbars

Features from Wind Deposits

Sand dunes and loess deposits

Types of Glaciers

Continental and valley glaciers

Features formed from glacier erosion

U-shaped valleys, horn, cirque, arte

Features formed from glacier deposits

Till, moraine, kettle/kettle lakes, drumli