CDEP (Construction D1)

Construction Insdustry

Most complex industries in human society. It will always involve numerous variables. Huge financial aspect.

Construction

The art, science, or business of building.

Key Players in Construction

Client > Consultant > Contractor all bounded by a contract.

Traditional Procurement

Design > Bidding/Tender > Build

Types of Contract

1) Traditional Contract

2) Traditional with Nominated Sub-Contractors

3)Traditional with Nominated Sub-Contractors and Project Manager

4) At-Risk Construction Manager

5) Design-Build Contract

Project

A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.

Major Project Considerations

1) Site

2) Program

3) Schedule

4) Budget

Usual Project Processs

1) Determination of Need

2) Parameter Check and Due Diligence

3) Concept Design

4) Detail and Engineering Design

5) Approval from Authorities

6) Construction Design

7) Fine Tuning

8) Comissioning

9) Feedback / Rectification

Budget Composition

1) Hard Cost - Tangible cost

2) Soft Cost - Intangible cost

Contingencies

Allocated budget for unforeseen or other possible changes in the design or construction of a project.

Types of Contingencies

1) Design Contingencies

2) Construction Contingencies

3) Owner Contingencies

4) Escalation

Addendum

Clarifies or modifies the bidding document.

Alternate

Additional design or material options added to the construction documents

ANSI

American National Standards Institute

As Built Drawing

Contract drawings that have been marked up to reflected any changes to a project during construction

Bid

Offer a proposal or a price

Building Permit

Written document issued by the appropriate government authority permitting the construction.

Certificate of Occupancy

Documents are issued by the appropriate local government agency, stating that the building or property meets local standard of occupancy.

Change Order

Written documents between and signed by the owner and the contractor authorizing a change in the work.

Charette

Intensive design process for solving architectural problem quickly. French for "small wooden cart" for collecting the design work of the students after such process.

Construction Cost

Direct contractor costs for labor, materials, equipment and services as well as overhead and profit.

Construction Management

Organization and direction of the labor force, materials, and equipment to build the project.

Construction Management Contract

Written agreement giving responsibility for project planning and accomplishment and overall project planning.

Consultant

Hired by the owner or the architect to provide information and to advise the project in the area of his expertise.

Contract Administration

Contractual duties and responsibilities during a project construction.

Contract Over-(or Under-) Run

Difference between the original contract price and the final completed cost.

Contractor

Licensed individual or company that agrees and perform the work as specified with appropriate labor, equipment, and materials.

Date of Substantial Completion

Date certified by the architect when the work is to be completed.

Design-Built Construction

Arrangement wherein a contractor bids or negotiates to provide design and construction services for the entire project.

Estimating

Calculation of the amount of material, labor, and equipment needed to complete a given project.

Fast-Track Construction

Method of construction management in which construction work begins before the completion of the construction documents.

FF&E

Moveable furniture, fixtures, or Equipment

Field Order

Written order calling for a clarification or minor change in the construction work.

General Contractor

Licensed individual or company with prime responsibility for the work.

Indirect Cost

Expenses that are not chargeable to a specific project

NIBS

National Institute of Building Sciences

Owner Architect Agreement

Written contract between the architect and the client.

Parti

Central idea governing and organizing a work of architecture, from the French "partir" to department with the intention of going somewhere.

Program

Desired list of spaces

Progress Schedule

Line diagram showing proposed and actual starting completion time in a project

Project Cost

All cost of the project

Project Directory

Written list of names and addresses of all parties involved in a project.

Project Manager

Qualified individual or firm authorized by the owner to be responsible for coordinating time, equipment, money, task and people for all portions of a project.

Project Manual

detailed written specifications describing acceptable construction materials and methods

Request for Information (RFI)

Written request from a contractor to the owner or architect for clarification of the contract documents.

Request for Proposal (RFP)

Written request to a contractor, architect, or subcontractor for an estimate or cost proposal.

Schedule

Plan for performing work

Scheme

Chart, diagram or outline of a system being proposed.

Scope of Work

Written range of view or action for a specific project.

Shop Drawing

Drawings show the specific way in which the particular contractor or shop intends to furnish, fabricate, assemble or install its product.

Site

Location of a structure or group of structure

Structural System

Load bearing assembly of beams and columns on a foundation.

Subcontractor

Specialized contractor who is subordinate to the prime or main contractor.

Substitution

Proposed replacement or alternate for a material or process.

Tenants Improvement (TIs)

Interior improvements of the project after the building envelope is complete

Time and Materials (T&M)

Written agreement wherein payment is based on actual cost for labor, equipment, materials, and services rendered in addition to overhead.

Value Engineering (VE)

process of analyzing the costs versus the value of alternative materials, equipment and systems, usually in the interest of achieving the lowest total costs for a project.

Zoning

Restrictions of areas or regions of land within specific areas based on the permitted building size.

Zoning Permit

Document issued by a governing urban authority that permits land to be used for a specific purpose.

Building

A relatively permanent enclosed structure constructed over a plot of land for habitable use.

Building Segments

1) Superstructure - Part of building above ground

2) Sub-structure - Part of building below ground but still habitable

3) Foundation - Part of building under ground and not habitable. Angkor's the building to the ground

Components of a Building

Structural > Envelope and Dividers > Shelter Systems > Interiors > Building Sytems

Main Building Systems

1) Lighting

2) Power

3) Telecoms

4) Cooling, Heating, Vent

5) Water Supply

6) Waste Disposal

7) Gas System

8) Conveying System

Master Format Divisions

D0: Requirements for Bidding and Construction

D1: General Requirements

D2: Site Work

D3: Concrete

D4: Masonry

D5: Metals

D6: Woods and Plastics

D7: Moisture and Thermal Protection

D8: Doors and Windows

D9: Finishes

D10: Specialties

D11: Equipment

D12: Furnishing

D13: Special Construction

D14: Conveying System

D15: Mechanical / Sanitary

D16: Electrical