Earth Science Meterology Unit
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59 Terms
What analogy did Lewis Thomas use to describe the Earth's atmosphere, comparing it to a biological structure?
He compared it to a cell's membrane, calling it "the world’s biggest membrane."
The envelope of gases held around a planet by gravity is known as the _.
atmosphere
What is the Coriolis effect?
the deflection (or veering off course) of free moving objects caused by rotation of the Earth
what does the coriolis effect effect?
Affects the wind direction
what is lifting air?
Lifting of air is the vertical movement of air.
the two types of lifting air
Horizontal movement and vertical movement.
example of horizontal movement
wind
What does air have to overcome to lift? What is the only way to do this?
We have to overcome gravity and the only way to do that is change the density of the air.
isobars
lines of equal pressure
What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes 'severe weather' from 'regular weather'?
it puts people, animals, or buildings at risk
In which layer of the atmosphere does all weather occur, and where is the air densest?
the troposphere
What is the natural greenhouse effect?
The greenhouse effect is the process through which heat is trapped near Earth's surface by substances known as 'greenhouse gases’, warming the sun
How can a severe drought impact the biosphere?
by reducing habitats for water dwelling animals and food for other animals
When solar radiation travels through the atmosphere, some of it is scattered by particles like dust and smoke. What is this scattered radiation that still reaches the Earth's surface called?
Diffusion Radiation
The increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has an impact on the ocean, which acts as a large 'carbon sink'. What is the direct consequence of this process?
it causes the ocean to be acidic
Biosphere
The sphere of the environment where all life exists on Earth’s surface.
Terrestrial Radiation
Energy emitted from cooler objects, like the Earth, in the form of longer heat waves.
Everything in meteorology is about
storing, moving, and releasing energy
What is the universe made up of?
Matter and energy
What type of energy is important to meteorology? heat(the atmosphere has to be heated) and kinetic energy(energy in motion)
Radiation is organized
by wavelength
Meterology
study of the atmosphere and processes that causes weather
Atmosphere
is the envelopment of gasses and solid particles(aerosols)
What happens when an object absorbs any form of radiant energy?,increase in temperature
___ form when the moisture content of the air is low.
snowflakes
Gases, like the atmosphere
are selective absorbers and emitters of radiation.
How is heat mainly transported in the atmosphere?
convection
What is energy?
ability to do work
Which form of precipitation is hard, rounded pellets of ice?
hail
The hook shape on Doppler Radar revels
the thunderstorm is rotating.
laten heat
the heat absorbes or relased during a change of temperature with NO change in temperature
aerosols
solid particles or tiny droplets of a certain particle
cirrus clouds
thin, whispery clouds. made of ice crystals
fog
a cloud with its base on the ground
What do fronts create?
storms (weather)
For an occluded front, once the two fronts have merged, why does weather turn to light rain?
all warm air has been lifted
What front produces nimbostratus clouds?
warm
Which of the air masses only form during summer?
cT