Spectroscopy

spectroscopy

• using interaction between light & electrons to determine info about atomic/molecular structure

microwave spectroscopy

• interact w/ dipoles of polar molecules, causing molecules to spin

• looks at rotation of bonds/molecules, giving info about shape/location of bonds

infrared spectroscopy

• molecule switches from one vibrational state to another, causing a specific amount of energy to be absorbed/released

• measures wavelengths energy is absorbed at & determines types of bonds/functional groups present (single, double, triple)

ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy

• excites valence electrons, causing them to jump to higher energy levels

• only certain wavelengths of light will be absorbed as electrons in atoms/molecules have quantized states; other wavelengths bounce off to create certain color

• identify or determine concentration of substances

• will need to be interpreted

photoelectron spectroscopy (PES)

• x-rays that remove any electron (core, valence)

• particular wavelength needed to remove each electron tells the number of electrons in each shell & its coulombic attraction