MORPHOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF NECROSIS

Flashcards on the morphological patterns of necrosis, apoptosis, and heat shock proteins.

What is Necrosis?

A spectrum of morphologic changes that occur in cells following cell death in living tissue.

True or false: Necrosis can occur in non-living tissue.

Necrosis occurs only in living organisms.

What are the two main processes that occur during necrosis after cell death?

Denaturation of proteins and enzymatic digestion of organelles

What is meant by the phrase, 'necrosis is the point of no return?'

The point of no return in cell damage.

Name the five classifications of necrosis.

Coagulative, Liquefactive, Gangrenous, Caseous, and Enzymatic fat necrosis

What is another name for apoptosis?

Physiological cell death

Give three causes of apoptosis.

Embryogenesis, hormone-dependent involution, and cell deletion during normal turnover.

List the morphological patterns of cell death by apoptosis.

Cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, apoptotic bodies, and phagocytosis of apoptotic bodies.

What role does apoptosis play in the body?

A natural event that regulates normal cell population density.

What are heat shock proteins?

Proteins involved in adaptation to stressful/injurious stimuli

How are heat shock proteins synthesized?

They are induced and constitutively synthesized.

Besides cell survival, what other role do heat shock proteins play?

Normal cell metabolism.

In what conditions are heat shock proteins usually induced?

Myocardial and cerebral ischemia.

Increased heat shock protein expression is correlated with what outcome?

Attenuation of cell injury/death.

Name two common heat shock proteins.

HSP 60 and HSP 70.

What is the function of HSP 60 and HSP 70?

Chaperonins involved in protein folding.

What is the function of Ubiquitin?

Facilitates degradation of proteins

What type of cells are contained in Granulomas?

Epithelioid cells, Lymphocytes and Giant cells

Which type of cell death is considered a natural event?

Apoptosis

Which type of cell death only occurs in living organisms?

Necrosis

What component activates ubiquitin?

Linking enzymes

What breaks down ubiquitinated proteins?

Protease

Ubiquitinated proteins are broken down into what?

Amino acids

The formation and development of an embryo

Embryogenesis

A type of white blood cell in the vertebrate immune system

Lymphocytes